Excerpts

We expected this similarity to potentially drive repetition priming under IS, which fell short of significance at the lowest mask contrast ( p = 0.13).

There was, however, a moderate effect approaching significance in their positive mood scores, t (27)=1.56, p=0 .131, d =0.58, and a significant effect of condition on participants’ high arousal mood scores, t (27)=2.13, p=0 .042, d =0.80, such that participants who read-aloud with a child were feeling somewhat more positive and more excited than those who simply read the same books aloud for the purpose of a recording.

The interaction of uncertainty avoidance and brand nationality was marginally significant, F (1,382) = 2.208, p = 0.138 ( Figure 6 ).

emotion transcranial direct current stimulation dorsolateral prefrontal cortex analytical reasoning working memory Finally, a three-way validity × believability × emotion interaction fell short of significance, F ( 1 , 33 ) = 2 . 30 , p = 0 . 14 , η p 2 = 0 . 07 .

As shown in Table 3 , the overall immersion score did not differ significantly between the two groups after FDR correction, although the GamePlay group ( M = 3.94, SD = 0.67) reported a higher immersion score than the GameWatch group ( M = 3.16, SD = 1.15), and a marginal trend was observed [ t (26) = 1.92, p = 0.14, 95% CI (–0.05, 1.42)].

Post-hoc two samples t -tests (one-tailed) for each stimulus class revealed that musicians relative to non-musicians exhibited significantly narrower temporal integration windows for sinewave speech [ t (39) = 2.34, p = 0.025; one-tailed p = 0.01] and piano music [ t (39) = 4.74, p < 0.001], and a marginal significance for natural speech [ t (39) = 1.49, p = 0.14; one-tailed p = 0.07].

A similar relationship was not seen for the Flow State Scale-2 administered after the EFA imagery condition; this flow measure was not significantly correlated with shooting performance although the trend was approaching significance ( p = 0.145).

There is a clear trend toward more metacognitive ability over time for both the trained [ F (5,40) = 1.742; p = 0.147] and untrained (generalization) orientation [ F (2,16) = 7.416; p = 0.005].

When the indirect pathway was included ( path ab : b = −0.10, SE = 0.053, z = 1.84, p = 0.066) the direct pathway from Cho concentration to reading ability ( path c : b = −0.16, SE = 0.084, z = 1.90, p = 0.06) was no longer marginally significant ( path c-prime : p = 0.147) (Figure 7B ).

Most notably, the interaction of condition and experimental half was significant, F (1, 27) = 4.96, p = 0.034, η 2 p = 0.16, whereas neither main effect approached significance; condition: F (1, 27) = 2.20, p = 0.149, η 2 p = 0.08; experimental half: F < 1.

Although there was a slight trend toward overall somewhat better selectivity in the exact cue condition, the effect of postcue type did not reach significance [ F (1, 29) = 2.2, p = 0.15].

Concerning the interaction between the two variables, there was only a small trend, F (2, 62) = 2.23, p = 0.15.

Anti-mask participants, on the other hand, showed a trend toward negative bias for other-race faces, 95% CI [−15.60 1.77], t (17) = −2.22, p = 0.16, Cohen’s d = −0.524, while for own-race faces, the scores were not different from 0, 95% CI [−8.95 9.04], t (16) = 0.014, p > 0.36, Cohen’s d = 0.003.

Contrasting the data obtained in the different age groups showed that the stimulus location and manual response interaction was not significant for the younger children [ F (1,29) = 0.42, p > 0.05 for age group 8; F (1,29) = 0.55, p > 0.05 for age group 9], emerged as a statistical trend toward significance for the 10-years-old children [ F (1,29) = 1.98, p = 0.16], and was significant for the oldest children [ F (1, 29) = 14.13, p < 0.001 for age group 11].

No other marginal or interactive effects involving monthly amount gambled or gambling severity were close to significance (minimum p = 0.16).

Whereas the visual-spatial adjacent learning score was positively related to visual-spatial selective attention and inhibition, the verbal adjacent learning score only showed a slight trend toward a positive correlation with selective attention: r (54) = 0.186, p = 0.169.

For PWA, the correlation between silent rhyme performance and overt rhyme performance fell short of significance ( r = 0.443, p > 0.17).

For total expenditure estimates discrepancy was less for those in the experimental (−76.92) compared to the control condition (−139.96), however, this numerical difference only produced a weak trend toward significance [ t (79) = 1.38, p = 0.17].

The simple main effect of congruency was marginally significant in the HMA group [ F (1,13) = 2.09, p = 0.17], indicating that congruent probes were processed faster ( M = 627 ms) than incongruent probes ( M = 814 ms).

However, the valence ratings were barely significant ( t = −1.35, p = 0.187), and excluding it did not imply a substantially worse fit ( p = 0.184).

Infants’ Preference Score was not significantly predicted by the Child Curiosity or the Caregiver Activity Subscales alone, despite a positive trend ( B = 1.13, p = 0.188 and B = 1.41, p = 0.185, respectively).

This effect was marginally significant ( β = −0.12, p = 0.19, η 2 = 0.02).

Regarding acceptability judgment errors, the analysis showed a marginally significant GRAMMATICALITY effect in the analysis by item [ F1 (1, 23) = 1.8, p = 0.193; F2 (1, 253) = 3.03, p = 0.083] revealing higher accuracy for the ungrammatical sentences as compared to the grammatical ones (92.74% vs. 90.95%).

Among flight instructors, a positive trend emerged that did not reach statistical significance ( B = 0.27, p = 0.197).

The effect of self-efficacy was in the predicted direction but fell short of significance, r = −0.10, p = 0.20.