Excerpts

In younger adults, only age showed a trend effect on CR-Work, whereas none of the curiosity scores did (all β < 0.14, t < 1.20, p > .26).

When the frequencies of the four E chromosome arrangements with absolute frequencies ≥ 5 (Table 3 ) were compared between sexes, they did not differ significantly in either case even though frequency differences were marginally significant in the 2015 sample (χ 2 = 3.986; d.f. = 3; P = 0.263; χ 2 = 6.594; d.f. = 3; P = 0.086, in the 2014 and 2015 samples, respectively).

Additionally, diastolic parameters such as the E/e′ ratio, showed a decreasing trend (p = 0.2731, Friedman test, n = 4), with baseline mean values at 8.0 ± 1.8, declining to 7.0 ± 1.3 during hypoxia, and further to 6.4 ± 1.4 during recovery.

On the other hand, there was a positive trend with a margin of more than 2 mm (HR 0.6 [95% CI 0.2–1.5]; p = 0.275) (Table 4 ).

When the trabecular and cortical bone was analyzed separately, an increasing trend in BV/TV was noticed (+ 9.42 ± 7.31%, P = 0.28), however, no other differences was detected (Table 3 ).

As shown in Table 2 , there was an increasing trend of stunting in child groups of both in girl (26.7% in child vs. 18.7% in infant, P = 0.286) and boy patients (26.0% in child vs. 12.3% in infant, P = 0.011).

Histological TB specimens also showed a trend toward a shorter ΔpSCC-post values in the MD-hp group than in the MD-dg group (MD-dg: 1.5 [1.1] mm; MD-hp: 0.8 [0.5] mm; p = 0.30; Fig. 2 b); however, no specimen exhibited true dehiscence of the pSCC.

While no further two- or three-way interaction approached significance, F s < 1.23, p > 0.30, η p 2 < 0.03, however, the overall four-way interaction Cue × Contingency × Face Category × Time was significant, F (11,473) = 3.82, p < 0.023, η p 2 = 0.08, indicating that instructed threat and reversal effects evolved over time specifically for unknown face pictures (Fig. 3 B).

Associations with gastric cancer for triglycerides (P = 0.061), LDL cholesterol (P = 0.35) and apoB (P = 0.48) weakened in multivariable analysis and were no longer even nominally significant, while the lack of association of gender and APOE ε4 with risk of gastric cancer remained unchanged (P ≥ 0.30).

3 A, B), 5×FAD mice revealed a decreasing trend of print areas (F (2, 54) = 1.231, P = 0.3002, F (2, 52) = 16.10, P < 0.0001, F (2, 52) = 9.051, P = 0.0004, F (2, 53) = 25.03, P < 0.0001, Fig. 3 C) and maximum intensity (F (2, 54) = 3.868, P = 0.0269, F (2, 53) = 9.775, P = 0.0002, F (3, 72) = 2.691, P = 0.05, F (2, 54) = 6.552, P = 0.0028, Fig. 3 D) of all paws with age, and the statistic difference between 3- and 9-m old ones was significant.

Whilst the slurry from cows fed the seaweed extract diet showed a trend towards a lower pH compared to the control; this difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.303).

Interestingly, when comparing GPNMB levels across different disease stages within the same cognitive status groups, we observed a nonsignificant trend toward higher levels in patients with advanced-stage PD than in patients with early-stage PD (PD-NC: 24.21 ± 0.82 vs. 25.77 ± 1.48, p = 0.32; PD-CI: 30.22 ± 0.93 vs. 31.16 ± 1.42, p = 0.56).

A trend toward significance was observed only for HbR during innocuous (paired t-test, p = 0.33 for HbO and p = 0.10 for HbR).

As listed in Table 3 , the response times quantified by T RiSC showed a weak trend of shorter response times in severe-IVH ( P = 0.33).

Unlike the GOLD classification, however, no significant difference was apparent among STAR stages for the frequency of individuals with a history of asthma ( P = 0.33 for heterogeneity).

Blank NLCs determined a reduction of p-ERK, when compared with the controls, while FA alone induced a decrease, barely significant (p < 0.33), of p-ERK.

Paired sample t-tests between sample and choice DR suggest intact memory in Wt males and Wt females at 5 min (Wt males, 5 min: t 10 = −3.253, p = 0.009; Wt males, 3 h: t 10 = −2.787, p = 0.019; Wt females, 5 min: t 7 = −6.195, p < 0.001), but impaired memory in Wt females at 3 h (although approaching statistical significance; t 7 = 2.071, p = 0.054), and 5xFAD mice in all conditions, as they failed to discriminate between the novel and sample objects (5xFAD males, 5 min: t 9 = −2.062, p = 0.069 (although approaching significance); 5xFAD males, 3 h: t 9 = 1.009, p = 0.339; 5xFAD females, 5 min: t 10 = −0.407, p = 0.692; 5xFAD females, 3 h: t 10 = 0.870, p = 0.405). 3xTG mice, however, were impaired in a delay-dependent manner (2 × 2 × 2 split-plot ANOVA: genotype (F 1,36 = 26.260, p < 0.001), delay (F 1,36 = 19.172, p < 0.001), and genotype x delay (F 1,36 = 21.012, p < 0.001); Fig. 1g ).

The adjusted OR of AF for new-onset CI was 1.5, which showed a decreasing trend with an increasing number of atherosclerotic diseases; the interaction was not significant (P = 0.34).

Consistent with previous findings 11 , 20 , 21 , MI-CHF rats showed a trend for a decreased expression of KLF2 in the CBs compared to Sham rats (p = 0.34; n = 4 per group).

In addition, in non-synchronized monolayers non-linear regression showed that FAK (p = 0.05) protein levels were at the limit of significance for rhythmicity, but not ITGB5 protein levels (p = 0.35).

In addition, ppargc1al (zebrafish homologue of human PPARGC1A , also called PGC-1α ), a gene involved in fatty acid oxidation, showed a nonsignificant trend towards ( P = 0.36) increased expression with eriocitrin feeding ( Table 2 ).

The DCS group showed an increasing trend with respect to event synchronization (one-way ANOVA, p = 0.364) and cross-correlation peak (one-way ANOVA, p = 0.665) measures of synchrony when compared to the NoStim group (Fig. 6D ), although, no significant group differences were observed.

Comparison of DTI and ASL measurements among early/mid-late PD patients and healthy subjects The substantia nigra (SN) FA values of early/mid-late PD patients were significantly lower than those in the healthy subjects ( Table 1 ), whereas there was no significant difference in FA-SN between the early PD and mid-late PD groups, although a decreasing trend existed with increasing modified Hoehn & Yahr scale (H&Y) stage ( p = 0.373; Table 1 ).

Although not significant, there was an increasing trend with the level of IL-20R2 in COVID-19’s lung autopsies (Fig. 2 L, P = 0.378).

Both miRNAs, miR-891b and miR-138-5p showed a trend of negative correlation with EGFR-AS1 levels (r = − 0.214, p = 0.3789 and r = − 0.191, p = 0.235, respectively) (Fig. 4 c,d).