Excerpts

No significant associations were observed with n -6 PUFA levels, but the n -6: n -3 ratio showed a significant trend of association with the onset of depressive symptoms.

The findings of these studies were found to be partially significant and not dose-dependent.

Surprisingly, despite the significantly decreased VEGF level observed in obese women supplemented with high doses of probiotics, both the mean changes in HUVEC number and the percentage of change of cells exposed to serum from the HD group showed increasing trends, although the differences were not quite significant.

The hazard ratios for an association between the lipophilic index and total ischemic stroke did not indicate a clear trend across quintiles either ( Table 2 ).

All of the models that were generated were highly significant, as the p-values ranged between 0.018–0.001.

During the training period (days 29–32), we observed that as the training time extended, the escape latency of the mice in the saline/saline/saline (control) (F(3, 47) = 4.103; p < 0.05; Figure 4 D) and STZ/LiCl/MC5523 (F(3, 31) = 4.091; p < 0.05; Figure 4 D) groups showed a decreasing trend.

A 2016 meta-analysis including over 10,000 pregnancies found that the fish oil group had a significant 22% reduction in risk of ePT birth (RR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64, 0.95) and marginally significant 10% reduction in risk of PT birth (RR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81, 1.00), as well as ~6 days longer gestation [ 19 ].

The rate of increase in the maternal self-efficacy in the task of eating fruit was strongly positive in the intervention condition (from 49.16 at baseline to 58.19 after the 3-month evaluation) than the comparison condition, which showed a negative trend (from 50.08 at baseline to 47.66 after a 3-month evaluation).

However, it is notable that in the present experiment, urinary bile acids correlated with urinary FRAP and total phenol antioxidant levels and showed a trend for correlation with urinary cortisol:cortisone ratios.

Rosmarinic acid administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg to ovariectomized rats did not affect the estradiol and progesterone concentrations in comparison with the ovariectomized control rats, whereas after administration of rosmarinic acid at a dose of 50 mg/kg, the concentration of estradiol showed an increasing trend.

In our study, the intake of three or more dairy products per day was inversely associated with hypertension with a statistically significant trend for the dairy serving consumption, and although this association was only close to being significant after removing those subjects with known diabetes from the analysis, the observed trend remained significant.

Significance was declared at p < 0.05, and a tendency towards significance was declared at p ≤ 0.10. 3.

We report highly significant relationships between eating behaviours and food cravings, with BMI increasing with age, whilst cravings for fatty food decreased, and UE and EE decreased with age, in agreement with earlier studies [ 33 , 34 , 35 ].

Studies were deemed ‘unclear’ if: (1) B12 status did not differ significantly between study groups, or (2) non-specific interventions were used that could obscure the potential effect of B12, or (3) >50% of statistical tests for oxidative stress did not reach significance, but showed an overall trend towards improvement, or (4) ≥50% of statistical tests for oxidative stress were significant, but at least one was significant against the oxidant properties of B12. 3.

Despite an increasing trend toward eating out, many US adults, especially women, continue to cook at home.

Overall, an increasing trend was observed for the total phenolics in fermented PJs, especially with P. pentosaceus CILSWE5 (ca. 71%), whereas a significant ( p < 0.05) decrease (ca. 18%) was found in CA-PJ, see Table 2 . 3.4.

p value < 0.05 were regarded statistically significant while p value < 0.01 were extremely significant. 3.

The RAGE expression in hyperoside- and 2′′-O-acetylvitexin-treated groups exhibited a decreasing trend ( Figure 2 b).

In any case, the limitation of lipolysis by insulin was minimal (at the limit of significance in Figure 1 C, and absent in Figure 2 B) under the in vitro conditions tested.

In infancy, there is an increasing trend to introduce a second-stage semi-solid weaning protein substitute (WPS) but there is concern that this may not meet energy requirements.

A decreasing trend of physical activity across soft drink consumption levels was observed, although not statistically significant.

Partly in contrast, high amylose resistant starch supplementation reduced serum IS and showed a trend towards a reduction of p-CS in HD patients [ 52 ].

Nowadays food fortification is still a significant trend all around the world, which is important for developing countries and for vulnerable consumer groups as well e.g., [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].

Even with the lower intake of fibers than the recommended guidelines, constipation showed a trend towards improvement.

In addition, there was a borderline significant interaction between chili intake and BMI.