Excerpts

Results did not show a significant trend for intake tertiles for associations with CS (week 12, p = 0.2167; week 32, p = 0.2019) and VA (week 12, p = 0.6640; week 32, p = 0.6367).

For length of hospital stay, significance was only reached in the combined studies (−1.57 days, 95% CI −2.48 to −0.66, p < 0.0001) but there was only a weak trend when compared to ONS (−1.06 days, 95% CI −2.76 to 0.63, p = 0.22).

Patients in the control group showed a decreasing trend in the median abdominal pain score of almost 50% ( p = 0.22, Figure 4 C), and in the bloating score by a median of 38% ( Figure 4 D).

While it appears that DAT is increased at baseline relative to other groups, this difference was not statistically significant, approaching significance most closely at 2 min ( p = 0.231, ANOVA).

A positive trend for CVD mortality was statistically significant in Japanese-American and White men, although no heterogeneity was found across the five racial/ethnic groups ( P = 0.24).

In comparison to the control group (28.88 ± 13.27 nmol/L*min), the mean AUC for all three trial days showed a decreasing trend, with the smallest values for the studies performed on the 5th of September (22.9 ± 8.1 nmol/L*min, p = 0.25) and 28th of November 2018 (20.7 ± 10.7 nmol/L*min, n = 0.1684).

Although the EBB group showed a trend toward higher odds of constipation, the difference was not statistically significant (OR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.76–2.71; p = 0.260).

However, PCA-based dietary patterns were closer to significance than self-reported diets and age group (χ 2 (20) = 23.567, p = 0.262) and educational attainment (χ 2 (16) = 17.996, p = 0.324).

Although obese children with low muscle mass showed a trend toward higher cIMT compared to obese peers without low muscle mass (0.401 ± 0.020 mm vs. 0.389 ± 0.040 mm, p = 0.268; Cohen’s d = 0.328), this difference did not reach statistical significance, likely due to the limited sample size with available cIMT measurements ( n = 11 vs. n = 29).

Mid-Arm Muscle Circumference (T0; T1; T2) The MAMC was completed in all 118 patients ( Table 4 ) and showed an increasing trend over time, but with no statistical relevance (T0–T2) ( p < 0.299).

As for DBP, the results showed a trend towards a decrease in DBP in the PE group by 2.94 ± 1.08 (SE) mmHg, yet it did not reach statistical significance (F (1,2) = 1.2, p = 0.3) ( Figure 2 ).

A statistical trend for higher scores was also found in patients with the most restricted diet (global test p = 0.30; test for trend p = 0.06; (<3 g) vs.

Moreover, in a recent meta-analysis of Crohn’s disease patients, preoperative PN showed a trend toward the reduction of complications with an OR of 0.65 (95% CI: 0.23–1.88, p = 0.43).

Conversely, for participants with a family history of AD (FH+), there was a positive trend between vitamin B12 intake and connectivity in IC 8 (beta value = 0.0007; p = 0.4703), and a negative trend for IC 19 (beta value −0.0006; p = 0.4549), although these trends were not statistically significant.

While the SBP and DBP were negatively associated with MDA in Groups 3 and 4, the difference was not significantly significant ( p > 0.5).

Conversely, in the study based in Japan ( n = 84), with women supplemented during pregnancy and lactation with FOS or a placebo, a borderline significant difference in the number of Bifidobacteria in the intervention group compared to the control group ( P = 0.50), and an increased number of Bifidobacterium longum species were detected ( P = 0.01) [ 31 ]. 3.5.

Its borderline level of statistical significance ( p = 0.51), considering the small study group, may be treated less conservatively, and thus the result—in line with the aforementioned negative associations—may be interpreted as reflecting the same trend of a generally negative influence of carbohydrates on AMH levels, and thus fertility.

Noodles and steamed, boiled, and raw foods may also affect sCD163 as their p -value were close to significance (both p = 0.51).

While there appears to be an overall trend towards lower EMG activity in the menthol trials ( p = 0.57 in VL), no muscles differed significantly when assessed independently across conditions.

Fullness was significantly increased after consumption of both meals, ( F (1, 24) = 29.85, p < 0.001), but similar to hunger and desire to eat, there were no significant differences between meals, although a strong trend existed ( F (1, 24) = 0.19, p = 0.66, or meal*time, F (1, 24) = 3.48, p = 0.07). 4.

The form of folate also affected ambulatory activity as evidenced by a strong trend towards reduced activity that was mainly driven by the high MTHF form (Dose p = 0.7, Form p = 0.054, Dose×Form p = 0.09).

Body fat percentage did not change in a statistically significant or practically significant manner (median ± IQR (34.80 ± 10.45 % during baseline vs. 34.80 ± 9.88 % after 2 years, p = 0.713) ( Figure 1 D).

When we compared 25(OH)D levels in patients with or without CT abnormalities, no significant difference was apparent (55nmol/L vs. 54 nmol/L, p = 0.83).

NT was increased in the 40 mM glucose normal diet group by 0.9 fold compared to the control, which had a trend towards significance ( p = 0.9) and a large effect ( d = 0.99) ( Figure 4 A).

The total feeding time did not change from 7 to 18 weeks of age in the WT group but showed an increasing trend in the mSOD1 group (F(1, 163) = 0.79, p = 0.99, 17 weeks; WT, 180.80 ± 32.03 s, mSOD1, 303.14 ± 39.48, 18 weeks; WT, 89.00 ± 19.49 s, mSOD1, 417.50 ± 151.67 s, repeated-measured ANOVA followed by student- t post hoc comparison, Figure 4 c).