Excerpts

The mean number of F-km per outbreak and the variance of F-km per outbreak show marginally significant trends over the recent period 1977–2014 ( Supplementary Fig. 4a–c ).

Interestingly, in both CuMoO 4 and BiFeO 3 the absorption is stronger when the transition metal cation is in an octahedral oxygen environment, which suggests a possible trend, and strategies for engineering piezochromic effects in other perovskites.

In the case of neuroblastoma, ZNF423 displayed a clear trend of progressively decreased expression with more advanced tumour stages and lower expression was associated with worst prognosis.

Specifically, although AstroEGFR*1, which reached overexpression levels comparable to those in AstroEGFR*2, showed a trend of extended survival that did not reach statistical significance, AstroEGFR*3, despite much stronger Zfp423 overexpression, displayed a shorter survival.

In both cases, the effects of ESPNL on filopodia number and length were highly significant ( Supplementary Table 1 ).

1d ; P =2 × 10 −4 ; two-way ANOVA) all confirmed highly significant protection from disease development.

We find a statistically significant correlation between the difference in occurrence and the allelic ratio for the 277 ASB SNVs (Pearson's correlation=0.78, P <2.2e−16), showing that there is indeed an overall trend for the favoured allele to correspond to increased TF binding.

A P value <0.05 was considered to be significant and marked (*), and a P value below 0.01 was considered to be highly significant and marked (**).

The finding of a highly significant overlap between CpGs that are modulated by AID expression in primary fimbrial cells and those discriminating HGSEMCs from non-serous subtypes ( Fig. 6c and Supplementary Fig. 13 ) further attests to AID's key role in triggering epigenetic reprogramming in tissues at increased risk of HGSEMC in BRCA mutation carriers.

The downflows at the cusps show velocities in the range of 17.6–80.2 km s −1 with a decreasing trend.

Saturation was also reached sooner in reads from larger-insert libraries, with a clear trend towards decreasing transcript diversity with increasing insert length, except that the 1–2 kb library was more diverse than the 0–1 kb library ( Supplementary Fig. 10b ).

Given the inter-individual heterogeneity inherent to human clinical specimens, these differences are highly significant and likely represent only a minimal estimate of the true transcriptome heterogeneity.

A small trend exists, but it cannot explain the reduction of the response by shunting, as it shows minimal attenuation for cells in which input resistance was clearly reduced).

Mice given the lower dose of rGDF11 (0.1 mg kg −1 ) also showed a trend of decreased trabecular bone volume, although it was not statistically significant ( P =0.078).

This list was then curated based upon a set of criteria demanding the gene must be highly significant controlling for false discovery rate ( q <0.05), and differentially regulated at a fold change >2 0.5 ( Supplementary Fig. 3 ).

Despite this rescue of centromeric transcription, we observed a highly significant drop in CENP-A and CENP-C levels on the alphoid tetO HAC centromere at 2 and 4 days after transfection of tetR-EYFP-LSD2 WT plus tetR-mCherry-CENP-28/Eaf6 compared with control experiments ( Fig. 5e,f ; Supplementary Fig. 5f,g ).

If there were a seasonal shift of the MCS precipitation (that is, summer MCSs are occurring earlier in spring), the summer MCS precipitation over the central United States would show a decreasing trend.

The average lifetime of MCSs increased at a significant trend of 4% per decade ( Fig. 2d ).

Although maximum-likelihood trees of repeats in each protein are not highly reliable due to the small size of the repeats, analysis of such trees across the proteome reveals a highly significant positive correlation between the physical and evolutionary distances, whereas a significant negative correlation is rarely observed ( Fig. 3c ).

In our own study in treatment-naive children with CD, highly significant differences in DNA methylation were noted to occur in genes implicated in disease pathogenesis 16 .

For example, fish species evolved in well-buffered systems such as the ocean may be more sensitive to variation in pH compared with fish in freshwater environments where seasonal fluctuations in pH may be significant.

Main effects of factors timing, F 3,24 =2.555, P =0.079, and group, F 1,8 =3.674, P =0.092, were close to significance.

We observed a clear trend whereby an increased occurrence of mitotic aberrations correlated with a higher probability of DNA breakage in daughter cells ( Fig. 1a ).

We found significant or marginally nonsignificant male preference for the more attractive (as determined in active female assays) female genotype in four out of five tested female comparisons ( Fig. 3b ) and one comparison yielded no significant preference for either female.

Overall, a slightly increasing trend is recorded before the 1870s (0.21 °C per 100 years from 1700 to 1873) and is replaced by an almost threefold negative trend thereafter (−0.59 °C per 100 years).