Excerpts

Janus kinase 2a (encoding a homolog of mammalian JAK2) showed a trend toward a decrease ( p = 0.08), and stat1a and stat1b were not significantly altered by GTE administration.

Similarly, a strong trend in the reduction in pulmonary edema (23.3% reduction, p = 0.08) was observed for the high dose of UP446 when compared to the vehicle-treated rats ( Figure 2 B).

Moreover, although the statistical analysis did not show any significant differences between the treatment groups and the PBS + VEH group, a clear trend toward increasing the absolute number of ST2 + CD4 + T cells in the lungs of mice treated with MMF ( p = 0.080) and TFB ( p = 0.107) can be observed ( Figure 5 D).

Glucose levels of β2-KO mice were significantly lower at 15 and 30 min after insulin injection compared to WT littermates ( Figure 2 d), with differences in the AUC showing a trend towards significance ( p -value = 0.08) ( Figure 2 e).

Size-distribution analysis revealed that colonic polyps in β2-KO, Apc Min/+ were larger than those of β2-WT, Apc Min/+ mice, with a trend toward significance for polyps measuring 2.5–3 mm ( p = 0.08) ( Figure 2 c).

Catalase (CAT, U/mg protein) showed only a statistical trend toward significance ( Figure 11 , F(4,16) = 2.57, p = 0.08, η 2 = 0.39).

In obese fish, gene expression decreased by about 25% and was nearly significant ( p = 0.083).

On day 28, after wounding, the VEGF protein level in the wound tissue was lower in the untreated diabetic rats compared to the untreated controls, although it was only marginally significant ( p = 0.088).

After adjusting for confounding, the association was only marginally significant in the CERAD word recall test ( p = 0.09), and this trend was enhanced among men (B = 0.001, p = 0.004) but not females (B = 0.00007, p = 0.89) [ 34 ].

The decrease persisted after the wash-out period, although the difference was marginally non-significant ( Figure 1 B; F = 3.9; p = 0.09).

Monoamines in the Hippocampus A one-way ANOVA showed a trend indicating the treatment effect for serotonin turnover (F (4,36) = 2.174 p = 0.092), but post-hoc comparisons did not show any significant differences ( Figure 4 a).

Although there was no clear dose-response relationship, dogs receiving 1× and 4× doses had significantly greater activity time compared with dogs receiving placebo ( p = 0.0299 and p = 0.0199, respectively) and marginal significance was seen in dogs receiving 2× dose ( p = 0.0942).

In addition, the test products also induced the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra; Figure 3 E), with PBI inducing higher levels than oleandrin when administered at the 31.3 ng/mL concentration, reaching a statistical trend when compared to pure oleandrin ( p < 0.1).

More than 80% were found to be significant markers with a p -value < 0.05; several were classified as possibly significant markers ( p -value < 0.1), while a few were removed due to background level.

In addition, total circulating leucocytes showed a trend ( p < 0.1) towards being lower in the PAC group from D-7 to D+14, as well as granulocyte counts and percentages, which may also indicate a lower inflammatory status in the PAC group, especially at the uterine level.

Since the effect of cultivar was significant ( p -value < 0.05) or marginally significant (0.05 ≤ p -value < 0.1) on most of the constituents, further multiple means comparison was completed using the lsmeans statement of Proc Mixed (equivalent to Fisher’s least significant difference [LSD]) at 5% level of significance and letter groupings were generated.

Quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA expression level of prkaa1 (ampk subunit 1) showed a trend towards an increase ( p < 0.1), while prkaa2 (ampk subunit 2) was significantly upregulated ( p < 0.05) by GTE treatment ( Figure 3 e,f).

When summer (all green) leaves were compared from I40, leaves on the winter-green side of the embankment continued to exhibit higher average N content relative to leaves on the winter-red side, though this difference was only marginally significant ( p = 0.12).

At 48 h post-infection, the effect of the virus type on VOCs approached significance (F(36, 3.68) = 3.64, p = 0.121, partial η 2 = 0.973), with an observed noncentrality parameter of 131.21 and observed power of 0.437, reflecting a very large effect size.

Moreover, only wine showed a trend towards a protective effect for dementia when comparing current drinkers with never drinkers (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.94; p = 0.2) or light-to-moderate drinker versus none (RR0.58, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.87; p = 0.196), among other types of alcoholic beverages.

Although no significant relationship between AUC/MIC ratio and microbiological/clinical cure was found, a positive trend was observed at logistic regression ( p = 0.28) [ 124 ].

In a prediction, the lower the p -value, the more significant it is, evidencing that the prediction is less likely to be by chance; ideally, a prediction should be <10 −10 to be highly significant, while a p -value > 1 is considered insignificant.

Table 1 shows that the lattice parameters (a, b, c), crystal cell volume and particle size showed a trend of being smaller with the increase in Al 3+ doping concentration because La 3+ ion radiuses (0.274 nm) are replaced by a smaller Al 3+ ion radiuses [ 25 ].

Magnetic properties show that La 1 −x Al x FeO 3 has a weak ferromagnetism; with increasing Al 3+ concentration, magnetic properties of the samples showed an increasing trend, and the sintering time that continues to extend with the change of the magnetic properties has a little influence.

The apparent viscosity and plastic viscosity of ordinary bentonite slurry solution show a decreasing trend at 20–70 °C, while the temperature-sensitive modified bentonite base slurry solution shows a decreasing trend of AV and PV before 45 °C, but shows an increasing trend of AV and PV in the range of 40–70 °C, especially in the range of 50–55 °C.