Excerpts

Taiwan’s enactment of the Tobacco Hazards Prevention Act in 2009 represents an encouraging trend, and the government plans to tackle tobacco control even more aggressively in the coming years.

A borderline significant association between organisational attitude and intention to implement the intervention was found.

[ 6 ] reported that there was a marginally significant decrease in the latency to constriction in patients with depression.

Analysis of Catecholamine Trend during the Cold Air Event As shown in Table 3 , when comparing catecholamine levels before, during, and after cold air exposure patient groups, DA levels had declines of 3.5% and 91.03% compared with before cold air exposure groups and showed a negative trend; the smallest change was in E levels, representing increases of 0.17% and 0.51%; and the increases in NE levels were 93.3% and 128.93%; both NE and E showed a positive growth trend.

NE concentration in plasma showed a trend; in the patient group, the concentration was high during and after cold air exposure.

Compared to data of jellyfish occurrence, a decreasing trend of jellyfish stings was observed from 2009 to 2011, when the lowest number of cases was recorded.

There is a notable trend that the incidence density moved from west to east.

As observed, the spatial difference was quite significant.

The number of complaints increases day by day due to an increasing trend of air pollution.

Between-group differences for changes in weight and BMI also approached significance, with greater changes seen in the treatment group.

Pooled Sample Analysis When the UK tariff was used in the total sample ( Table 3 , columns 7 and 8), younger age at diagnosis was associated with lower HU scores (marginally significant).

In a recent study [ 35 ], we reported highly significant correlations between exposure of parental couples to metal delivering weaponry during Operation Cast Lead, the major recent military attack up to then, and the delivery of a baby with major structural birth defects as defined according to the CD10 [ 36 ]. 27% (15/55) of the couples with birth defect children born between May and September of 2011, declared exposure to WP explosions, versus 1.7% (67/3,932) of parents with normal offspring born in the same period.

Although PLD use alone is not a major predictor of hearing thresholds, intensity and duration of listening may be significant indicators of hearing acuity.

A decreasing trend in AIDS risk was observed from the youngest cohort (≥1940) to the oldest (1910–1919).

From 1982 to 2006, we could detect an increasing trend in AIDS risk in the population aged 50 years or older.

The annual number of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease is nearly 3 million, particularly, cardiovascular events in elderly people showed an increasing trend with the augment of heat wave events due to climate warming [ 6 ].

Although total annual rainfall does not show statistically significant trends throughout the 20th century, the analysis of seasonal rainfall reveals a marked trend to the decrease of spring rainfall during the 20th century in the southwest of Spain.

The independent effect of noise exposure on reproductive outcomes didn’t reach statistical significance, but a multivariate analysis of non-exposed compared with exposed women found an effect of standing on preterm labor (OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.05–3.16) and preterm birth (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.03–2.80) and showed a trend towards an effect of noise exposure on preterm labor (OR 1.76, 95% CI 0.78–3.39) after controlling for other exposures.

reported a highly significant seasonal pattern of the birth-sex ratio in western Siberia, with a peak of the boy ratio in summer and a trough in winter [ 8 ].

Highly significant associations were obtained for all indicators.

However, in the case of the ICES-PCBs (ρ = 0.70) and total PCBs (ρ = 0.81), no significant site difference was apparent in the ANOVA results.

(2) Both average arrival time and biggest traveling time have an increasing trend with the enlargement of vehicle maximum capacity, respectively changing from 62.00 to 166.57 and from 175.09 to 455.03.

The potential positive effects of pets on cardiac disease (as described above) and cancer alone could be extremely significant, but in addition, animals are reported to have positive effects on a wide spectrum of health and social issues including wound healing and immune health through the effects of the neurotransmitter oxytocin [ 49 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], pediatric respiratory diseases [ 57 ], child development [ 58 ], elder care [ 59 , 60 , 61 ] and pain reduction or distraction [ 39 ].

Results The results show an increasing trend in the annual mean concentrations of PM 2.5 in Saudi Arabia (about 2 μg/m 3 in seven years).

Over the four collection periods, the median daily mouth-level BaP intake from the spent filter analysis showed a decreasing trend as participants switched from their usual brands to Quest ® brands ( Figure 1 A).