Excerpts

No significant increases in the β or θ bands were observed in the 5Mins group; instead, a decreasing trend was found in the θFPZ band ( t = 2.571, p = 0.015, d = 0.454). 4.4.2.

Once we rule out these confounders, there is tentative evidence that late communication provides a fertile breeding ground for conspiracism: the sign of Late Campaign is positive in three out of four cases and highly significant in one case ( p =0.015, Panel A Model 4).

A nominally significant difference emerged between neutral and incongruent reflexives, t (50.9) = -2.52, p = 0.015, d z = −0.41, 95% CI [−0.74, −0.08], though given the exploratory nature of this analysis and the absence of a theoretically motivated account for this pattern in bound-variable contexts, this result should be interpreted cautiously.

However, by accepting that the p value was nearly significant, the pairwise comparisons showed that the only significant difference was between rc1, the plain one, and rc2, the vowelized one ( p = 0.017).

The comparison between neutral and pleasant stimuli and the comparison between neutral and unpleasant stimuli (with the Bonferroni-corrected alpha set at 0.05/3 = 0.01667) were both marginally significant [ t (31) = 2.54, p = 0.017, and t (31) = 2.41, p = 0.022, respectively].

Most importantly, a significant time × group interaction emerged, F (1, 38) = 18.149, p < 0.001, η 2 p = 0.323, which remained highly significant after Bonferroni correction ( p < 0.017).

The correlations between b and ELS for the 4–10 condition approached significance only for the 1-Day condition such that the correlation with unpracticed positions was positive, r (11) = 0.64, p = 0.017.

At R2, we found an interaction effect between Condition and Flanker , and post-hoc analyses (α = 0.0125) uncovered marginal significance in the verb-final condition (β = –0.012, SE = 0.005, t = –2.455, p = 0.018) and insignificance in the verb-initial condition.

Similarly, the same can be said for the combination of Conceptualization and Interest : this combination can predict when people are going to report a negative low-arousal (β = 0.66, p = 0.070, 95% CI [–0.05, 1.370] approaching significance) and high-arousal positive (β = 0.83, p = 0.019, 95% CI [0.14, 1.53]) states alike.

The difference between the nominal condition and the collaborative-instruction condition just failed to reach significance at the Bonferroni-corrected level, F (1, 48) = 5.91, p = 0.019, η 2 = 0.11.

This resulted in a trend toward significance after adjusting p for multiple comparisons [ F (1, 79) = 5.705, original p = 0.019, adjusted p = 0.057, partial eta squared = 0.067, Figure 3A ].

Similarly, the ASD group's performance with subject-what questions varied across visits, reaching significance at visit 3 but then trending toward significance only at visit 5 [visit 3: t (13) = 2.30, p = 0.019; visit 4: t (13) = 0.807, p = 0.217; visit 5: t (11) = 1.58, p = 0.07; visit 6: t (10) = 0.857, p = 0.206; see Figure 2B ].

Planned comparisons indicated the older group was significantly or almost significantly slower than the younger group in each SNR condition [Bonferroni: low, p = 0.019; middle: p = 0.003; high: p = 0.067].

While the indirect effects of the overweight/obese body image condition (compared to the athletic thin condition) on AVG ( p = 0.058) and PA motivation ( p = 0.085) via NE were marginally significant, the indirect effects of the average body image condition (compared to the athletic thin condition) on AVG ( p = 0.019) and PA motivation ( p = 0.046) via NE remained significant, indicating the robustness of this particular effect.

Interestingly, the association between active SMU (e.g., posting content) and body dysmorphic symptoms became marginally significant (standardised beta = 0.13; p = 0.019) when controlling for anxiety and depressive symptoms.

For the monolingual children, age showed a trend for being more highly correlated with accuracy, r (60) = 0.304, p = 0.02, 95%CI [0.059, 0.515], than vocabulary, r (60) = 0.043, p = 0.74, 95%CI [−0.209, 0.290] ( z = 1.47, p = 0.07).

It also barely failed to reach significance in the Central view condition at a running speed of 8 km/h ( t (11) = 2.666, p = 0.02 uncorrected, with an alpha adjusted to 0.01).

13 The latest release of UAM Corpus Tool (version 6.2j, February 2023) does not allow complex within-group comparisons, so we used an earlier release (version 3.3x, August 2021) to do the analysis, though note that version 3.3x reports p value ranges (non significant p > 0.05, significant p < 0.05, highly significant p < 0.02) and does not report effect size.

As for the fair test 2, the Kruskal–Wallis tests report marginally significant differences in PT ( χ 2 = 7.824, df = 2, p = 0.02) and MET ( χ 2 = 6.600, df = 2, p = 0.037) and significant differences in ET ( χ 2 = 78.111, df = 2, p < 0.001) between score groups.

The DIFFTEST also showed that these improvements were marginally significant ( p = 0.02).

The online samples showed marginally significant cultural differences as well, F (1, 222) = 6.02, p = 0.02.

The difference between semantically congruent and incongruent gestures just failed to reach significance [ t (127) =−2.24; p =0.02], No significant differences were found between meaningless configurations and semantically incongruent gestures.

( 2007a ), there was a significant effect of SOA [ F1 (2, 26) = 74.9, η p 2 = 0.811, p < 0.001, F2 (2, 84) = 101.8, η p 2 = 0.703, p < 0.001], an effect of frequency significant by participants and marginally significant by-items [ F1 (1, 13) = 29.1, η p 2 = 0.69, p < 0.02, F2 (1, 42) = 3.4, η p 2 = 0.069, p < 0.08] and no interaction ( F1 < 1, F2 = 1.5).

In the second practice period, however, the larger change score for group B (with reverse stick) compared to group A (with regular stick), just failed to reach significance (i.e., p = 0.020, with α = 0.017), but showed a large effect size ( d = 0.66).

Comparing the two intervention groups separately against the WLC group, a significant difference was apparent between I A and WLC (χ 2 = 5.549; p = 0.02), but not between I SMS and WLC (χ 2 = 2.203; p = 0.20).