Excerpts

Results Figure 1a shows the area averaged summer maximum hourly precipitation rate, where the dashed line is the linear fit suggesting an increasing trend of 0.81 ± 0.22 mm/hr for every 10 years at the 90% significance level.

Moreover, the same increasing trend is observed for flow consistency, whereas a decreasing trend could be detected for flow index.

The power spectra of both the Niño4 and all CP El Niño indices display a decadal peak that is marginally significant at 10% significance level ( Fig. 1b ), probably owing to the short record of observations.

It has been reported that splenocytes and circulating immune cells from sepsis patients show highly significant functional impairment, demonstrated by significantly reduced cytokine secretion 24 , 25 , 26 .

P values: P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.001 are considered significant, very significant, and extremely significant, respectively.

3 ) and although this did not quite reach statistical significance this suggests that nicotinate is being depleted within the PEsen cells as well.

Furthermore, high levels of free carnitine in confluent and PEsen cells may support increased lipid transport into the mitochondria, while high levels of the ketone body 3-hydroxybutyrate, often generated from excess acetyl CoA is a marker of mitochondrial β-oxidation 36 showed a trend for elevation in PEsen media.

PEsen cells exhibited a strong trend for reduced levels of cysteine compared to growing, confluent, and quiescent counterparts 23 .

S2 ) also showed a slight trend for reduction in these cells, or may arise from decreased uptake as suggested by high cysteine levels in the conditioned media 23 .

Over the first 12 months of lactation, there was an overall trend for the detected POPs in HM to steadily decline for p,p’ -DDE (68%), p,p’ -DDT (45%) and β -HCH (73%) suggesting a reduction in maternal body burden 35 , 36 .

In FL and in many other cancers, there was a highly significant excess of mutations in WR C G/C G YW compared to the motifs lacking WRC ( Table 2 ) indicating that the overlap of the AID motif and CpG indeed is the unique mutagenesis signature.

5b,c , we observed a clear trend of both J-V output and pulse photocurrent enhancements after the introduction of 3D crumpled nanostructures.

Except in the northern European study area (51% BUS, 54% BUE), the great majority (76–97% BUS, 69–95% BUE) of lakes showed a negative trend (i.e. earlier dates; Table 1 ).

With the exception of the central Siberian study area, a relatively small proportion of lakes in each area showed a significant trend for the break-up period (e.g., central Siberia BUS, 33%; northeast Siberia BUS, 5%; see Table 1 ).

*P < 0.05 was considered significant, **P < 0.01 was considered highly significant; Student t-test is used throughout.

The FL exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with the FS (0.86**), FU (0.76**) and FE (0.74**), whereas several negative correlations were observed between the FM and the other four traits ( Table S2 ).

Those associations remained nominally significant after controlling for education and upon adjustment for highest household occupational position and potential confounders.

A p value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant and p < 0.001 was highly significant.

The relative abundance of Acidobacteria ( r = 0.331, P = 0.026), Actinobacteria ( r = 0.481, P = 0.001), Chloroflexi ( r = 0.522, P < 0.001), Armatimonadetes ( r = 0.31, P = 0.038) were significantly closely correlated with ring roads, and Proteobacteria ( r = −0.5, P < 0.001), Bacteroidetes ( r = −0.386, P = 0.009), Gemmatimonadetes ( r = −0.391, P = 0.008) showed a significant negative correlation with ring roads, and Nitrospirae ( r = −0.286, P = 0.057) showed a marginally significant negative correlation with ring roads.

A good example is North America, where the west coast experienced a decreasing trend while on the east coast, water consumption per capita increased.

Nearly all sub-national trajectories show an increasing trend in water scarcity.

Moreover, MF patients with impaired response to PMA showed a trend towards reduced response to PAF, a lipid mediator with a broad range of effects on the inflammatory response and strong NET inducer 26 , 33 , as revealed by quantification of released DNA ( Fig. 3f ) and shown in Fig. 3g .

In this case, the Runs test for non-randomness and Ljung-Box test for autocorrelation are highly significant.

In our experiments, we observe that the modularity obtained by our method shows an increasing trend during the label diffusion process (see Supplementary Fig.

Because the test for this cross-product term is highly significant (two-sided P value of 0.0014), we conclude that there is a significant causal mechanistic interaction between age and BMI on hypertension.