Excerpts

One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test between the number of eggs in different treatments showed that eggs laid on filter paper treated with leaf volatiles and mulberry leaf were significantly not different ( Figure 2 ; n = 10; q = 1.345; P = 0.38).

Annual patient volume varied slightly but did not show a significant trend over time ( p = 0.39).

Serum Zn and biomarkers Serum Zn was not correlated with the LA/DGLA ratio in females and there was a negative trend in males (Spearman: r = − 0.05, p = 0.39; r = − 0.11, p = 0.07, respectively).

Between the first and the second treatment week the values increased in the C lines and decreased in the A lines, resulting in a considerable interaction ( p = 0.08) and nearly significant difference between the lines at the end of the treatment (first week: p = 0.4; second week: p = 0.06, Fig. 3 f, Table 4 ).

Roxadustat showed a negative trend with a medium effect size (Cliff’s delta = -0.56, p = 0.400) and a mean difference of -0.34 (95% CI [-1.02 to 0.34]).

Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that Flunarizine showed a trend towards improved survival by 30% ( Fig. 6G , Kaplan Meier survival, p = 0.408).

A study showed that the individuals with a cysteine substitution had worse renal survival, however, it was a slight trend without significance (p = 0.41) 15 .

Interestingly, the TNFAIP3 mRNA showed a trend for lower expression in moderate UC patients as compared to mild UC group (p = 0.41).

However, there was a clear trend towards gradually rising S-MK expression levels with advanced tumor stages as indicated in Fig. 5 (p = 0.42).

Survival of SSc-CM At the end of the study, the SSc- CM subgroup showed a trend of higher numbers of deceased cases from all-cause deaths (9 of 32 [28.1%] vs. 22 of 103 [21.4%], p = 0.427) and congestive heart failure (4 of 32 [12.5%] vs. 4 of 103 [3.9%], p = 0.09) than the non- CM group.

In terms of AMRT, the cohorts with 2 and 3 osteoarthritic body sites statistically differ from that with no arthritis or with one body site affected by OA, while the differences between “OA in 2 body sites” and “OA in 3 body sites” as wells as “no arthritis” and “one body site osteoarthritis” fell short of significance (p = 0.44 for “OA in 2 body sites” vs. “OA in 3 body sites”; p = 0.29 for “no OA” vs “OA in 1 body site”, p = 6.4 × 10 −8 for “no OA” vs “OA in 3 body sites”, p = 1 × 10 −5 for “OA in 1 body site” vs “OA in 3 body sites”, p = 2.7 × 10 −7 for “no OA” vs “OA in 2 body sites”, Fig. 5C ).

The unadjusted model revealed a significant trend in all variables for both sexes, except for female BP (P = 0.45 for SBP and P = 0.83 for DBP).

Factors Associated with Publication and Waste Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze associations of key study characteristics with “publication status” and with “research waste status.” For publication status (Table 3 ), a large sample size (≥ 300 participants) showed a positive trend towards publication (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 0.34–15.94, P = 0.459).

Whereas none of the two-way interactions approached significance (all p > 0.463), the significant three-way interaction (p = 0.049) indicated that effects of lesion size on post-stroke cognitive outcome were moderated by both age and years of education (Fig. 3 B): In middle-aged stroke patients at ages around 66 years (Fig. 3 B, middle panel), the well-established negative association between cognitive outcome and lesion size was found independent of educational attainment, which itself was positively associated with cognitive outcome.

While it is marginally significant on its own as an additional predictor for NAL+, the K:T ratio is not significant when AA is already included (p = 0.47).

Analysis of the histological subtypes showed a trend towards higher TAM numbers in iron positive samples of adenocarcinoma (p = 0.4728) (Fig. 3C ), while in squamous cell carcinoma no difference was observed (p = 0.6893) (Fig. 3D ).

However, there were no significant differences in Th1 and Th2 cells between PM2.5-induced rats and controls, although there was an increasing trend in the frequency of Th2 cells (4.362 ± 2.392, 5.253 ± 1.873, P = 0.483; 4.816 ± 3.453, 1.582 ± 0.798, P = 0.055) (Fig. 3 ).

Significant differences were found in P2 ( p = 0.036), P7 ( p = 0.005), and P9 ( p = 0.489, borderline significance).

In terms of religion, while Muslims had a crude coefficient of 0.077 (95% CI − 0.053, 0.208) with a p value close to significance ( p = 0.4892), the adjusted coefficient was less informative at 0.055 (95% CI − 0.101, 0.212).

5A shows it is mostly during the first day), showed a marginally significant decrease as well (p = 0.49).

Although DSS animals given only CNO showed a trend for upregulated MCC activity compared to home cage DSS animals, this did not reach significance (DSS + CNO: 1243 ± 249 vs DSS only: 374 ± 101 counts/mm 3 , p = 0.49; Fig. 3 B, examples in Fig. 3 D).

No other post-hoc tests approached significance ( p > 0.5). raSTS A 2 (motion) × 5 (stimulus) repeated-measures ANOVA (Greenhouse-Geisser corrected) showed a significant main effect of stimulus ( F (4, 68) = 18, p < 0.001; partial η 2 = 0.623), with a significantly greater response to faces than any other stimulus (Bonferroni corrected post-hoc comparisons, all p’s < 0.001).

S4E ), although there was a strong trend (p = 0.508) toward elevated L-lactate production (Supplementary Fig.

We analyzed the final VA of liver abscess and UTI cases seperately: cases of liver abscess demonstrated a significantly worse outcomes (initial VA logMAR:final VA logMAR = 1.51 ± 0.86:1.88 ± 1.23, p = 0.02, Wilcoxon test), wherars cases of UTI showed a trend of better outcomes (initial VA logMAR:final VA logMAR = 1.71 ± 0.95:1.36 ± 1.19, p = 0.53, Wilcoxon test).

In all three conditions, we found that females were more likely than males to act altruistically, although the effect was nearly significant only in the two conditions with an exit option (Rank-sum, p = 0.5353, p = 0.0488, p = 0.0615, respectively).