Excerpts

The composition of human milk is highly dependent upon lactational stage, which was highly significant in the multivariate regression analyses.

When patients who admitted non-adherence to the dietary restrictions were excluded from the analysis there was a slight trend towards higher catechin, taxifolin, and ferulic acid levels in the P+ group compared to the control group ( Table 2 , panel B).

Examining USDA food group consumption by gender, while the median consumption was higher in boys than in girls for all food groups, the differences were significant for grains, protein foods, and fruits (all p < 0.05), and marginally nonsignificant for dairy, oils, and discretionary foods ( p -values ranged from 0.056 to 0.09).

While one study demonstrated that probiotic treatment may have mitigated the expected increase in total and LDL-cholesterol during pregnancy [ 33 ], the other trial reported significant reductions in VLDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, while a decrease in LDL-cholesterol approached significance [ 34 ].

With regard to other AT depots studied, although no significant differences were found among experimental groups, FRD mice showed a trend toward increased IAT and RPAT mass, which was not observed in FRD-Lk mice ( Figure 1 D,E).

Similarly, based on several previous satiety investigations using visual analogue scales (VAS) [ 22 ] it was determined that to achieve a practically significant difference in satiety of 20% with 80% power would require a sample size of 13 participants. 2.2.

We observed a highly significant decrease in TRAP expression in the 1% Ca group compared to in the low Ca and normal diet groups.

In same line, we have found a higher rate of increased overweight/obese among pre-pubertal boys with a decreasing trend towards pubertal/post-pubertal boys.

control one; but interestingly, a highly significant increase in Vit C level in the control female group as compared to both control as well as schizophrenic male group was observed.

Taxonomic bins at the phylum level showed that the DSS-treated mice treated with DSS showed a trend to harbor higher proportions of Firmicutes , and lower proportion of Bacteroidetes ( Figure 5 B).

Oral TG-DHA treatment ameliorated EAE course and severity ( Figure 6 A) as compared to EAE-untreated animals, and especially at 250 mg/kg/day the effect was highly significant from day 15 of treatment ( Figure 6 A).

There was an indication of publication bias from Egger’s test ( p = 0.001); the summary risk estimate was marginally significant after the use of “trim and fill” method (RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.78–1.08).

The TOHP follow-up study also found there was a significant trend for the CVD risk regarding the gender-specific quartiles of the Na/K ratio (HR = 1.00, 0.84, 1.18, and 1.50, p -trend = 0.04) [ 62 ].

In contrast to the reduction of plasma lipids in response to walnut supplementation observed in WT mice, MetS-Tg mice demonstrated a strong trend for increased cholesterol and triglycerides with walnuts.

Sex and having a job were not associated with the prevalence of adherence to MDP, although this latter was almost significant.

Statistical significance of the findings was as follows: p -value < 0.05 was considered significant, while p -value ≥ 0.05 and < 0.1 was considered marginally significant. 3.

With the current data, authors suggest that lutein could be the responsible molecule for the different anti-mutagenic activity of two varieties, as although lutein is not genotoxic, it is at the limit of significance.

Daily dietary xylitol at exposure levels ranging between 1.5–4.0 g/kg body weight in combination with a HFD showed a trend towards increased expression of hepatic ChREBP mRNA and a reduction in hepatic triglycerides and total cholesterol as reported in a previous study [ 8 ].

Choline Metabolites To determine whether choline metabolites were associated with fetal growth, we performed regression analyses of placental metabolites and fetal and placental growth parameters, adjusting for choline treatment group, fetal genotype and sex, litter size, and maternal identifier ( Table 3 , highly significant relationships between metabolites and growth outcomes shown in Figure 3 ).

Furthermore, in the self-reported NCWS subjects we observed a higher frequency of anxiety and depression than in controls, which was very close to being statistically significant.

As expected, the two carotenoid values have a highly significant positive correlation.

p -values between 0.005 and 0.05 were also reported and considered nominally significant. 3.

Additionally, there was a combined effect of sleep duration and dietary antioxidant vitamin consumption on the odds of being obese: participants with a short sleep duration and low dietary antioxidant vitamin consumption exhibited an increasing trend in the odds of being obese compared with those with a high consumption of dietary antioxidant vitamins, whereas the participants with an optimal sleep duration did not have increased odds of being obese, regardless of dietary antioxidant vitamin consumption.

There was also a strong trend to less IgE-associated eczema, but there was no difference in “any IgE-mediated disease”.

A trend towards significance was seen between tanned skin colour (ITAF score) and serum 25(OH)D concentrations.