Excerpts

Results Opposite sex A marginally statistically significant interaction effect between the romantic prime and viewer's sex on attitude toward the male model ad was observed [ t = 1.65, p = 0.05 (one-tailed)].

The second measure of self-reported anxiety (SCARED) also revealed a borderline significant change over time [ F (2, 12) = 3.41, p = 0.050].

However, post hoc analyses demonstrated only a marginally significant difference between the seated stairwell control and stair walking groups ( p = 0.05, MD = 31.17, 95% CI = −0.3 to 62.36).

This result remained significant when restricted to the 14 children who used HoW as the unfamiliar book (85.7% chose familiar, 2-tailed p = 0.01) and was marginally significant when restricted to the 27 children who used HP-UK as the unfamiliar book (70.4%, 2-tailed p = 0.05).

A trend towards significance emerged ( t =2.2, p =0.05).

However, this difference is only nearly significant ( F = 3.752; p > 0.05) with a small effect size ( d = 0.10), whereas, as regards the relationship with teacher score, significant differences were found with primary school children that score better than secondary school children ( F = 7.647; p < 0.01) with small effect size ( d = 0.14).

A significant or marginally significant interaction between task and background color was found for NA score [ F (1,38) = 4.25, p < 0.05, η p 2 = 0.10] and TDR [ F (1,36) = 3.03, p = 0.09, η p 2 = 0.08], indicating that the effect of background color depends on the task.

Interestingly, there was a nearly significant negative correlation between the quality of interactions and hand speed difference ( P = 0.05), suggesting that the more couples had a good quality of interaction, the better was the behavioral synchrony of hand speed.

Specifically, as exhibited in Figure 2 , the analyses of the three-way conditional effect ( B = 0.16; p < 0.05) showed that the interaction between role ambiguity and transformational leadership regarding job satisfaction was significant among respondents holding a position as a supervisor/manager ( B = 0.23; p < 0.001), but only borderline significant among respondents not holding a supervisor/manager position ( B = 0.07, p ≤ 0.05).

Children's pupils dilated until digit 6 on average (6.1 ± 2.0), with incremental increases from cue to digit 1, digit 2 to 3, and digit 4 to 5, [all t (68) = 2.7, p < 0.01], and a marginally significant increase from digit 1 to 2 [ t (68) = 2.0, p = 0.05].

In the motivated effort model, only the group effect that had already being observed across all load conditions achieved marginal significance ( b = -3.02, t = -1.97, p = 0.05, n = 54), but no effect of maximum digit span ( b = -0.48, t = -0.90, p = 0.37, n = 54) or motivated effort ( b = 0.04, t = 0.20, p = 0.84, n = 54) was found.

The univariate ANOVA performed on accuracy using the number of errors as the dependent variable showed that the main effect of group was marginally significant [ F (1,35) = 3.92, p = 0.05, MSE = 2.34, partial η 2 = 0.10, 1-β error prob = 0,38].

The under-16 category players obtain higher scores than the players of the under-18 category in all the factors, although only statistically significant differences appears in Team Cohesion ( p < 0.05.), and a tendency toward significance in the Motivation factor ( p < 0.05).

Again, males have a worst perception (M = 63.66, SD = 27.73) than females (M = 67.95, SD = 26.16), although the difference is barely significant ( t = −1.59, df = 646, p = 0.05, d = 0.12).

For SDI, although there was no age main effect, F (1, 61) = 3.57, p = 0.07, η p 2 = 0.05, the Skill × Age interaction approached conventional levels of significance at p = 0.05, F (1, 61) = 4.29, η p 2 = 0.06.

More specifically, in the moderating role of rural–urban factors, the effect sizes of two influencing factors—education level (Qb = 9.837, p < 0.01) and higher education participation (Qb = 6.753, p < 0.01)—were all significantly different, whereas the difference in the effect size of lifelong learning engagement was weakly significant (Qb = 4.341, p < 0.05).

There was a main effect of meter [ F (1,49) = 39.90, p < 0.001, η p 2 = 0.449], a marginally significant main effect of group [ F (4,49) = 2.56, p = 0.05, η 2 = 0.173] and a meter by group interaction [ F (4,49) = 4.59, p = 0.003, η p 2 = 0.272].

The main effect of speed was marginally significant ( x 2 (1) = 3.80, p = 0.05), but the main effect of the effector and the interaction effect between speed and effector were insignificant ( ps >0.10).

When the total intervention duration was ≤10 min, the improvement of the response time effect showed marginal significance (SMD = −0.68, p = 0.05), while when it exceeded 100 min, the response time did not show significant improvement (SMD = −1.03, p > 0.05).

The significant predictors were age ( B = 0.051, SE = 0.016, p = 0.001), emotion management ( B = 0.470, SE = 0.147, p = 0.002) and, approaching significance, conscientiousness ( B = 0.034, SE = 0.017, p = 0.050).

Results indicated that no significant associations between PSS-4 scores and any of the category-specific parental descriptors of rewards or challenges, with the exception of a marginally significant Spearman correlation coefficient between parental references to safety challenges and PSS-4 scores, r = 0.158, p = 0.05.

A few categories, such as Auxiliary (for Group 2), Familiar Objects and Verbs (for age), showed marginally significant p -values (e.g., p ≈ 0.05–0.06).

Direct effect analysis From Table 7 , the relationship between HIWPs and CO was highly significant (0.638, p < 0.05), supporting H1.

In addition, trust in people had a marginally significant effect on social empathy ( β = 0.100, p ≤ 0.05), and had a significant effect on subjective well-being ( β = 0.223, p < 0.001).

A two-way mixed-design ANOVA revealed a marginally significant interaction between the type of article (Martian life vs. synthetic life) and affect (positive vs. negative), F (1,503) = 3.73, p = 0.05, η p 2 = 0.007, such that reactions of those in the Martian life condition showed a stronger positivity bias than reactions of those in the synthetic life condition.