Excerpts

Clinical pregnancy rates showed a favorable trend, but statistical significance was not reported in the study ( 88 ).

Levels of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and total triglycerides (TG) also showed an increasing trend in the HIV-AECOPD group.

Only the Ven-R-CHOP signals (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia, together with any grade 3–4 adverse event and treatment discontinuation due to adverse events) and the ibrutinib hematologic signals (febrile neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia) retained significance after adjustment, whereas the remaining nominally significant findings—particularly those based on small samples or extreme OR values—are interpreted as exploratory and hypothesis-generating.

As shown in Figure 6c , only BCG induced statistically significant reduction of lung bacterial burden, while TB-PCF only showed a nonsignificant trend towards reduction.

Interestingly, a notable trend emerged when examining the anatomical sites; the RS group displayed a significantly higher frequency of tumors originating in the oropharynx, while tumors located in the oral cavity were more frequently found in the RR group ( Figure 5A ).

Levels of IL-6 and IL-10 showed an increasing trend in the intestinal fluid ( Figure 1F, G ).

These results showed that the proportion of DCs is altered in the intestinal immune system of KK-Ay mice, with an overall trend toward increased DC representation in both PPs and MLNs. 3.5.

Thus, although TAM on its own promoted tumor growth in the high-MACi group, in combination with anti-PD1, it induced highly significant tumor growth reduction.

For example, CD73 is highly expressed in CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells within bladder cancer tissues and shows a clear trend of co-expression with PD-1.

It may be significant that LOX-1, with essentially no sequence similarity to SRECI associates with TLR2 after ligand binding and mediates immune responses in a similar way to SRECI (Jeannin et al., 2005 ).

In this regard it may be significant that UV-irradiation (UVB) creates skin edema and associated inflammatory responses that include local IDO induction (unpublished data).

Application of IL-10 for treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) likewise produced inconclusive results with, at best, a marginal trend toward amelioration of disease (Brennan, 1999 ).

Surprisingly, there was an unexpected trend toward increased production of IL-6, IL-8, and TNFα upon IL-10 treatment that, however, did not reach the level of statistical significance in the group of patients investigated (Cooper et al., 2000 ).

However, when adjusted for excess burst steroids, change in disease activity, and complement levels from baseline showed a positive trend over time ( 45 ).

To sum up, both the exact test of population differentiation based on haplotype frequencies and the F ST estimate revealed the existence of highly significant difference between the 14 populations.

The results show a highly significant positive correlation between ISR2 and GBP1 or ISR8 and IRF1.

The difference is extremely significant with the “at-risk” group survival curve always below the “not at-risk” curve (Log-rank test <0.0001).

* p < 0.05 indicates a significant difference, ** p < 0.001 indicates highly significant difference.

The expression of 2B4 remained almost unaltered between baseline and FuW12 except for a borderline significance, which was recorded for its MFI (Figure 6 E).

However, children randomized to rBPI21 treatment showed a trend toward reduced multiple severe amputations and significantly higher physical and neurological abilities according to the pediatric overall performance category (POPC) scale ( 65 ).

Compared to the native low affinity TCR isolated from the patient’s TIL, referred as DMF4 [ K D 29 μM ( 91 )], with moderate ability to recognize the tumor antigen, Johnson and coworkers ( 92 ) showed a trend of improved clinical efficacy for the DMF5 TCR of higher affinity [ K D 5.6 μM; ( 91 )].

After extraction of the dye from the culture and spectrophotometric quantification, a highly significant increase of the OD measured at 540 nm was detected in the wells containing adipocytes as compared to the undifferentiated control (Figure 3 B).

Of the pregnancies in which cART was initiated during this time period, a significant trend toward earlier start was apparent, with the median gestation at initiation shifting from 22 weeks gestation in 2009–2011 to 20 weeks in 2012–2014.

Now that we have established highly significant complement defects in some of the oncology treatment regimens, additional studies should be designed to determine the positive or negative effects of the complement system (antitumor and/or increased risk of infection), which may be more relevant in children being more dependent on the innate immune system than in adults, which may have preexisting specific antibodies being largely absent in young oncology patients.

Several studies ( 47 , 109 – 111 ) found a highly significant association between PTB and moderate to severe periodontitis.