Excerpts

Of course, it should be mentioned that the abovementioned studies from the USA and Denmark were conducted during the surge of COVID-19 in these countries and we witnessed a decreasing trend in the disease thereafter [ 1 ]; however, the SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was considerably still higher in our country than in those countries.

This association remained significant for depression (OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.46–0.87), anxiety (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.48–0.84), and stress symptoms (OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.29–0.74) even after adjustment for all potential confounders in the model; however, the linear trend for the association between this dietary pattern and odds of depression (p=0.057) and psychological distress symptoms ( p =0.081) became marginally significant in this model.

The proportion of each behavior by CAGE score showed an increasing trend.

Similar to other countries located in the MENA region, Iran has witness an increasing trend in recent years, contributed by different factors including genetics, obesity, physical inactivity, urbanization, and poor nutritional habits [ 22 , 23 ].

[ 45 ] during a multidecadal period with a slightly increasing trend from the 1980’s to the mid-2010s, caused by the more widespread use of residential wood combustion in the area.

Background Pilots' physical and mental health might be significant contributing factors to flight safety.

Together these results clarify that while major depression and/or undiagnosed depression are likely to be significant medically-related drivers of suicide deaths, they are by no means the only factor.

Factor loadings were interpreted as acceptable if ≥ 0.3, practically significant if ≥ 0.5 and indicative of a well-defined structure if ≥ 0.7 [ 54 ].

Regarding spatial effects, the spatial autoregressive coefficient (Rho in Table 2 ) of 0.212 is highly significant.

Especially, a decreasing trend in the risk of having mental health problems with the improvement of SSQ was identified.

Non-treatment-seekers using betting exchanges engaged in arbitrage betting which requires research and significant outlay but low risk by: “backing and laying the same runner or the same competitor in a sporting event with a fairly significant outlay to make a small profit irrespective of the result” (NTS13).

Twenty-one out of the twenty-three studies reported high intentions to receive the vaccine across survey participants [ 47 – 58 , 60 – 63 , 65 – 69 ], with a significant trend towards a declining willingness to vaccinate over time; concordant with the findings of existing reviews investigating COVID-19 vaccine willingness [ 22 – 26 ].

Despite the high number of feces reports and the high prevalence of homelessness in SoMa, there was only a near-significant decline in the post-intervention rate of feces reports near SoMa Pit Stops.

This is especially true because there seems to be a change in young people’s sleep patterns [ 5 ] and a negative trend in academic achievement in mathematics and science reported for Norwegian students [ 6 ].

The Center and South regions show a decreasing trend from 2017; this seems to be interrupted in the Center region where a small immediate increase can be seen 5 months after the beginning of the pandemic (5-month lagged results IRR: 1.070, 95%CI [0.545 – 2.100]), however trends during COVID-19 period do not differ from pre-COVID-19.

Unlike the other two regions, West Nile reports an increasing trend in contraceptive prevalence since 2017, which continues uninterrupted by the pandemic (4-month lagged results – see sensitivity analysis in Supplementary material ).

A decreasing trend meant the EAPC estimation and the upper boundary of its 95% CI were both less than 0.

The cancer incidence or mortality was deemed to be an increasing trend if the EAPC estimation and the lower boundary of its 95% CI were both greater than 0.

COVID-19 related worry was a marginally significant positive predictor.

Students in the underweight group showed a trend of higher OR (1.07) for pinworm infection than children in the normal BMI group; however, the between-group difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.179).

In addition, the data also show an increasing trend of tobacco use among children and adolescents.

In other words, this result was not consistent between the different measures of consumption (when analyzing percentage change the effect was barely significant, but when analyzing the grams taken the effect was not significant) and shall be interpreted with caution.

The average cost of hospitalization expenses per case of HE in Gansu Province was ¥24,370.2 with an increasing trend during the study period and was negative with different counties’ corresponding gross domestic product (GDP).

The association between accumulated number of underweight has an increasing trend for young age group and female, but not for age 40–64, over 65, or male (Table 3 ).

In 2011 and 2015, TC levels of middle-aged and elderly population in rural and urban areas showed a trend of aggregation, and Moran index showed that the aggregation was increasing.