Excerpts

ANOVA showed highly significant effects of genotypes for all traits at both stations.

In our research, the location effect was highly significant ( Table 2 ).

Similarly, the flavonoid content significantly increased ( p < 0.01) in the shoots of plants treated with different concentrations of Ce, but only a slightly significant enhancement was observed in the roots of the plants exposed to the 10 μM dose of Ce when compared to the untreated plants ( Figure 4 D).

For Na + , a negative trend was found between root growth and salt tolerance.

The values of roundness showed a trend opposed to the aspect ratio, being comprised between 0.45 ( S. inaperta ) and 0.86 ( S. pseudoatocion ). 2.2.

A decreasing trend of net NH 4 + influx was observed for T . distichum with an increase in the NH 4 + proportion ( Figure 5 a).

Catalase activity (CAT) presented a highly significant decrease when salt concentrations increase; nevertheless, at 400 mM NaCl, the non-inoculated plants did not display a significant reduction ( Figure 5 A).

Contrarily ascorbate peroxidase activity (APx) exhibited an increasing trend through salt treatments without significant differences between inoculated and non-inoculated plants ( Figure 5 B).

It is worth mentioning here that all the doses are highly significant among the groups.

Under T 1 –T 4 treatments (under Cd stress without electric field), Cd concentration in roots had a slightly increasing trend which ranged from 103.72 to 657.58 mg kg −1 .

DS alone also had a negative effect on fruit fresh weight, but this was only marginally significant in Luciana.

It can be seen in Figure 4 , which compares the humidity values and changing light intensities, that there was a clear trend that linked light intensity and growth rate.

Combinations in which 3-hydroxyphysodic acid was present showed an increasing trend in the scavenging of free radicals from 32 to 77% ( Figure 4 B).

The antioxidant activities showed an increasing trend in all methods as the concentrations of the extracts increased.

All biochemical attributes were observed in the same quadrant, and ANOVA results showed an increasing trend due to temperature drop.

Joint regression analysis of variance showed that E + G × E and the agro-environment (linear) were highly significant, while G × E (linear) was not significant ( Table 5 ).

In the present study, Ca contents showed a decreasing trend due to the application of TWW and UTWW, which contained higher metal concentrations in all plant parts of Rosa species.

These results show that the high concentration of the 100% SCG extract provided a highly significant difference in comparison with the other lower concentrations of 50 and 25%, and much higher difference compared to the control.

The statistical analysis of the data showed extremely significant differences within concentrations, where the p -value was <0.0001.

Similarly, highly significant correlations have been found between the TPs and TAC DPPH or TAC FRAP in other studies [ 10 , 11 , 13 , 18 ].

The firmness of both groups shows a decreasing trend during the shelf life period in Figure 2 B,C.

The correlation between high levels of Pro, Cad, and Spd with the final biomass was then corroborated by the correlation matrix with a highly significant linear correlation ( Figure 6 B).

High levels of S supply demonstrated a clear trend of increasing total chloroplast lipid content and concentrations of linolenic acid, in addition to a further decline in palmitic acid.

For the IFVCNS trial, correlations between seasons were mostly highly significant, except for flowering duration (FD).

The transgenic root tips and the control root tips treated with a K + deficiency solution showed a trend of obvious K + influx, and the amplitude of the transgenic root tip influx was significantly higher than that of CK.