Barely Significant

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Test statistics S is calculated as S = ∑ i = 1 n − 1 ∑ j = i + 1 n s g n ( x j − x i ) Where, sgn ( x j − x i ) is the sign function given as, s g n ( x j – x i ) = { + 1 , i f ( x j − x i > 0 0 , i f ( x j − x i ) = 0 − 1 , i f ( x j − x i ) < 0 A very high positive S value represents a sign of an increasing trend, and a very low negative value sign a decreasing trend.