Results based on the level of salt and herbs and spices (two-factor analysis) showed that the effect of herbs and spices was as large as the effect of salt on overall liking by reaching borderline significance (F(1, 276) = 3.79, p = 0.052; F(1, 276) = 3.29, p = 0.071, respectively).
The HR for Q2–4 combined as compared to Q1 was significant in the univariate analysis [1.42 (1.09–1.99), p = 0.046], but became borderline significant after adjusting for the variables in Model 3 [1.42 (1.00–2.04), p = 0.052], as shown in Table 4 .
Publication Bias and Quality Considerations The minimal evidence of publication bias (Egger’s regression coefficient = 0.54, 95% CI: −0.18 to 1.26, p = 0.128 approaching but not reaching significance; Begg’s rank correlation tau = 0.08, p = 0.052 indicating modest asymmetry; trim-and-fill analysis identifying only two potentially missing studies with minimal effect on conclusions) suggests that findings are not substantially distorted by selective publication of positive results.
In addition, we observed that higher white wine intake and higher olive oil intake were borderline significant associated with a more rapid decline of memory decline in women (model 2: −0.13; 95% CI: (−0.26, 0.001); P = 0.052, and −0.08; 95% CI: (−0.16, 0.01); P = 0.065, respectively).
However, a tendency toward significance ( p = 0.052) was observed at week 12 in the severity of dizziness, with three more participants reporting minimal and one participant rating slight severity of dizziness, with most of the change observed in the PE-1000 group.
All ANCOM2-detected differentially abundant bacteria between the two groups were also confirmed to be significant using the MaAsLin2 method ( p < 0.05) with or without adjusting for covariates, except Haemophilus parainfluenza , which was marginally significant ( p = 0.052) in MaAsLin2 after covariate adjustments.
The repeated measures of periods ending at weeks 4, 8, 12, 14, 16 and 18 also consistently showed a significant result in this regard, while the borderline significance was found at week 21 ( p = 0.052).
The IOP measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry showed a decrease in the DHA group, which almost reached statistical significance ( p = 0.052), but between-group differences were not observed.
Finally, the p -value for the interaction between the use of vitamin K epoxide reductase inhibitors at the baseline and the intervention group on the risk of developing a major adverse cardiovascular event was only marginally significant ( p = 0.052).
In the DHA group, within-group differences were not found in any ophthalmological measures, although IOP (GAT) showed a decrease, which was marginally significant ( p = 0.052).
Parallel to the result obtained with FSD, when this parameter was analyzed over 21 weeks, the results reached a near-significant level ( p = 0.052), with a 36% reduction in the URTI score median in the COL group compared to the PBO group.
The time-by-secretor-status effect on PF was borderline significant ( p = 0.052) and there was a significant time-by-intervention-group and secretor-status-by-intervention-group effect on sTfR ( p = 0.002 and p = 0.041, respectively).
The mean change in IL-6 levels was significantly reduced from baseline in the CKDB-315 group (−0.25 pg/mL; p = 0.0262 within the group, with a marginally significant difference between groups ( p = 0.0520) ( Figure S2B ).
Likewise, the difference in potassium intake between intervention and control may also affect the effect of potassium supplements with a borderline significant direct association ( p = 0.052) ( Figure 3 , Supplemental Table S4 ).
Only hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) levels showed a trend toward a negative correlation (r = −0.370; p = 0.052) and tended to increase in the CQN group. 4.
Further adjustment mitigated the association between CSE timing and the continuous MNA-SF score so that it became only marginally significant ( p = 0.052).
Conversely, the pro-WP fraction manifests 19.2% non-consumers, a median of 56.6 g/d, and a narrower variability (IQR: 23.6–80), with a nearly significant divergence ( p = 0.052).
In the intervention group, results showed a near-significant difference between group means for change in total IBS-SSS score ( p = 0.052), and significant differences for ‘Diarrhea’ ( p < 0.001), ‘Constipation’ ( p < 0.001), ‘Bloating and flatulence’ ( p = 0.03) and ‘Intestinal symptom’s influence on daily life’ ( p = 0.038).