Excerpts

When only male participants were included in the PERMANOVA analysis, a marginally significant difference in beta diversity was observed between the intervention and the control groups (R 2 = 0.010; p = 0.05).

Accordingly, the analysis of the glucagon/insulin ratio in all groups tested showed a trend to increase with respect to the corresponding ratio observed at 0 min; this increase was statistically significant after 60 min ( p < 0.05) of 100 mg/Kg D-Pinitol ( Figure 2 A) dose, and after 120 min ( p < 0.05) of 500 mg/Kg dose of D-Pinitol ( Figure 2 B).

HRs of the multiplicative interaction term among females and those < 60 years of age were both marginally significant ( p > 0.05).

In a 12-month, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (VIDOMA trial), we previously found evidence for a greater improvement with omega-3 LCPUFA with or without vitamin D in social interaction in children with ASD compared with placebo but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( P < 0.05) for most comparisons.

Change in frequency of meals consumed with the family in front of the television was not a significant predictor of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness in males (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 0.88–1.25, p = 0.601), and PSS score achieved only borderline significance in the male-only regression (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00–1.07, p = 0.05) ( Supplementary Table S1 ).

At two months, we observed a trend towards downregulation of 45S and Rrn3 expression in CR fed rats, which was marginally significant ( p -value = 0.05) for Rrn3 .

In order to arrive at a more parsimonious model, I gradually eliminated from the full model those predictors that failed to reach statistical significance ( p < 0.05), starting with those that had the highest statistical significance in the initial model.

However, comparison of peak concentrations with baseline showed a borderline significant ( p = 0.05) increase from baseline levels after the Neutr-meal, for which postprandial increases in IL-6 and IL-1β were also observed.

Changes in the CD4 + /CD8 + ratio approached significance in the 2000 IU/day group ( p = 0.05).

These changes were also almost significantly different ( p = 0.05) from the increase detected in the PLB group (0.44%) but we were not able to detect any significant difference between the two doses.

When we compared the postprandial leptin levels between the HC and HF-meals, we found that men with normal body weight showed a tendency, which was on the margin of significance ( p = 0.05), to higher leptin concentrations 240 min after the HC-meal intake ( Figure 2 B).

For mean arousal ratings, there was a marginally significant main effect of distractor category, F (1,32) = 4.17, p = 0.050, with high-calorie food stimuli being rated as significantly more arousing than neutral stimuli.

Although the LGG group presented lower absolute levels of MPO, their levels did not reach statistical significance as compared to the DSS-vehicle treated group ( p < 0.05).

No association was observed between protein intake and TIR, TAR, or TBR ( p -values ≥ 0.07); however, a borderline significant reduction of −1.9% (95% CI: −3.9%, 0.0%; p = 0.05) TBR per 20 g protein was observed following MICT in analyses stratified by exercise mode.

A hugely significant decrease in IL-17a secretion(+ 90%, p < 0.05), followed by decreases in IFN-γ (–76%, p < 0.05), IL-12 (–60%, p < 0.05) and IL-23 (–46%, p < 0.05) were observed in stimulated PBMCs cultured with Rooibos extract in comparison to untreated PBMCs.

In the RBVD study, and only MDA showed a borderline significant association with smoking status ( p = 0.05, Table S1 ) and a significant association with CYMA ( p < 0.01, Table S3 ), regardless of the dietary group.

However, the analysis demonstrated a borderline significant effect of zinc supplementation in combination with other micronutrients on the risk of malaria parasitaemia compared with placebo ( p = 0.05, log RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.03–2.59, I 2 = 99.22%, with 8904 malaria cases in the zinc intake group and 522 malaria cases in the placebo group).

There was a marginally significant inverse association in relation to breast cancer (RR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77–1.001; p = 0.05; I 2 = 0%; five cohort studies), but not with other cancer types ( Figure 3 B). 3.3.

In the unadjusted models, DISST insulin sensitivity was reduced in the HPHFib group, relative to the StdD group, at both week 4 and week 10, but the difference between diets did not reach statistical significance (i.e., p < 0.05) ( Table 4 ).

A significant trend over time ( p < 0.05) was found due to an increase in the sodium intake per person from processed foods and condiments with sodium added.

Regression analysis showed a positive trend for HM (+4.84%/year, p = 0.05), and a declining trend for IM (−1.96%/year) and MF (−2.88%/year).

Marginally significant interaction was found between total vitamin C and vitamin C supplementation ( p = 0.05). 3.2.

For hip fractures, the association of allium vegetables was borderline significant ( p = 0.050), but did not reach significance for cruciferous vegetables ( p = 0.157).

However, alcohol consumption showed a trend toward being higher in the highest meat intake group (41.2%) compared to the lowest (26.1%) ( p = 0.05 for T2 vs.

In the multivariable-adjusted analysis, sodium (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.89, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.96; p = 0.004) and potassium (adjusted OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99; p = 0.04) remained significantly associated, while phosphorus showed borderline significance (adjusted OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41–1.00; p = 0.05).