Excerpts

While the analysis showed a trend towards an increase in the number of microglial contacts with dendritic spines and axon terminals during the early response to deprivation (1–4 days of MD), these differences were not statistically significant ( Fig. 3b ; one-way ANOVA; P >0.05).

The genotype and phenotype associations were highly significant in the higher education stratum (main genetic effects, 1.97 × 10 −10 ≤ P main ≤8.16 × 10 −8 ) but were considerably weaker in the lower education stratum (0.008≤ P main ≤0.243).

Two SNP × education interactions were nominally significant ( Supplementary Table 6 ): TJP2 in Europeans (rs11145488, P int =6.91 × 10 −3 ) and SHISA6-DNAH9 in Asians (rs2969180, P int =4.02 × 10 −3 ).

As a population at carrying capacity can be considered to have gone through a critical transition when the realized non-linear growth rate of a population falls below one (and thus the ability of a system to respond to perturbations diminishes) 11 , in the above scenario a negative trend in the mean body size of a population (and consequently in growth rates) could be used as an alternative measure of whether a system is approaching a bifurcation.

Rather, we argue that one would expect a consistently declining trend before collapse in the mean body size, and, potentially, an increasing trend in the variance of body size.

For platelet-lineage gene expression, we observed a highly significant, age-dependent increase in the frequency of expression, not only in Vwf + HSCs but also in Vwf − HSCs ( Fig. 2c,e ; Supplementary Fig. 3b ), with the majority of platelet-lineage genes being more highly expressed in Vwf + and Vwf − -aged HSCs ( Supplementary Fig. 5 ).

1d ; P =2 × 10 −4 ; two-way ANOVA) all confirmed highly significant protection from disease development.

We find a statistically significant correlation between the difference in occurrence and the allelic ratio for the 277 ASB SNVs (Pearson's correlation=0.78, P <2.2e−16), showing that there is indeed an overall trend for the favoured allele to correspond to increased TF binding.

A P value <0.05 was considered to be significant and marked (*), and a P value below 0.01 was considered to be highly significant and marked (**).

The finding of a highly significant overlap between CpGs that are modulated by AID expression in primary fimbrial cells and those discriminating HGSEMCs from non-serous subtypes ( Fig. 6c and Supplementary Fig. 13 ) further attests to AID's key role in triggering epigenetic reprogramming in tissues at increased risk of HGSEMC in BRCA mutation carriers.

This highly significant reduction—over 90%—suggests that w Anga may interfere with Plasmodium development in the mosquito vector, as shown in artificial Anopheles – Wolbachia combinations 14 15 19 .

The R402C mutant expressing Kasumi-1 cells showed a trend towards reduced cell growth, suggesting residual activity.

While substantial macrophage infiltration persisted at day 24 in wild-type mice, TNC −/− mice showed a trend towards reduced numbers ( Supplementary Fig. 5 ).

In this sense, the technological impact can be quite significant as both effects can be explored to design enhanced nano-photonic devices based on photon–phonon interaction such as narrow-band filters, acousto-optic modulators, microwave signal and frequency combs generation, Brillouin amplifiers and lasers, sensors and others.

The downflows at the cusps show velocities in the range of 17.6–80.2 km s −1 with a decreasing trend.

Although melting is stochastic by nature, there is a clear trend that increasing biaxial strain decreases this GeTe premelt disordering temperature, as shown in Fig. 2b .

It is quite significant to note that the displacement responsivities of both devices (1.43 and 1.3 nV fm −1 ) are ∼30 times higher than that previously demonstrated using a nanocantilever (0.04 nV fm −1 ) 2 , while the noise-limited resolutions at 1 Hz bandwidth (60.14 and 105.2 fm) are very comparable to the nanocantilever (39 fm) 2 and almost 4 orders higher than similar sized microcantilevers (0.5 nm Hz −1/2 ) 2 with comparable f 0 .

There is a clear trend; as the nucleotide specificity box motif becomes more negatively charged and polar, there is an increased preference for cytosine bases.

However, overexpression of kinase mutant hLRRK2 G2019S failed to induce synaptic compensation, whereas overexpression of hLRRK2 I2020T transgene showed a trend towards reduced synaptic compensation compared with wild-type hLRRK2 ( Fig. 2g and Supplementary Fig. 6i ).

Although the nature of the temporal interactions differed between KLS and Lin − progenitor cells, both of these populations displayed highly significant spatial affinities for contacting the vascular area ( Fig. 5a ) compared with the endosteum.

In contrast, the S155E mutant showed a trend to increased promoter activation under unstimulated conditions that did not reach statistical significance.

2d ), miR-204 and miR-148a were confirmed by quantitative PCR (qPCR), with a strong trend for miR-9 ( Supplementary Fig. 2e ).

Immunofluorescence staining indicated that mediastinal FALCs of naive Il1rl1 −/− mice are smaller than their BALB/c counterparts, flow cytometric analysis of digested pericardial FALCs showed a trend for fewer cells in the mediastinal adipose but this did not reach significance ( Fig. 3b ).

Thus, our 3C–PCR studies showed a nonsignificant trend towards increased interaction frequencies for Gad1-Myo3a/Gad2 and a significant decrease in Gad1 -TSS (−55kb) Loop in PFC of ‘TIME B' mice previously exposed to MK-801 ( Fig. 4c ).

While the exact mechanism by which these transcriptional hubs may function is yet unknown, our data demonstrate that subsets of genes, spanning entire chromosomes, can physically associate with the same enhancer, and that a highly significant portion of those genes are coexpressed within the cell.