Excerpts

Second, for each strain we found highly significant partial correlations between Ribo-seq data and protein levels when we conditioned on RNA transcript levels ( Supplementary Table 1 ).

From an even broader perspective, the relative SST parameter (typhoon basin SST with respect to global, tropical mean SST) 35 36 also showed a decreasing trend, supporting the decline in topical cyclone (TC) activity in the recent decade (other details see Supplementary Figs 7 and 8 ).

It should be noted that due to the competing and offsetting impacts between typhoon duration/frequency and intensity, and between ocean and atmosphere, it was not possible for PDI to exhibit a clear trend because it was the residual result from opposing and competing contributors.

* P <0.05 was considered statistically significant and ** P <0.01 as highly significant.

On the basis of the P values obtained from the Wilcoxon test, we reclassified the hits as follows—‘high confidence', if Wilcoxon test P <0.05 (significant); ‘medium confidence', if Wilcoxon test P =0.057 (borderline significant); and ‘low confidence' (not significant), if Wilcoxon test P >0.057.

It was found that the TCGA mesenchymal subtype and AOCS C1 subtypes displayed a significant trend towards early relapse and short overall survival 56 , 57 .

Further, we found no evidence of an overall trend in Δ (that is, from increasing CO 2 ) in any treatment.

Importantly, overlap analysis revealed a very strong, highly significant association between origins of replication and iG4-forming sequences ( Fig. 4a ).

An additional 8 SNPs also had odds ratios (OR) consistent with the direction of the discovery phase with marginal significance in this stage.

The results show a positive trend of ∼0–6 m s −1 over the NA, which corresponds to the relative SST trend ( Fig. 3a,b ) noted by Vecchi and Soden 6 and others 8 , 9 , 10 , 13 .

DJ-1 deficiency also conferred metabolic protection in a genetic model of obesity such that Dj1 −/− Lep ob/ob mice showed a trend towards reduced body weight and were more glucose tolerant compared with Dj1 +/+ Lep ob/ob littermates ( Supplementary Fig. 7f,g ).

In addition, mutation of ATRX and RBPJ were of borderline significance.

Overlap was generally highly significant between all studies, with the smaller studies being increasingly enveloped by the larger studies.

1a-c ), an increasing trend in apoptopodia formation was also observed when PANX1 channels were blocked ( Fig. 1k ).

These elegant results were interpreted as a confirmation of clathrin's capacity to drive membrane curvature, neglecting the potential role of the disordered domain, an effect that our results demonstrate to be highly significant.

Correlation explained by genic and conserved SNPs We also found a highly significant correlation between the variance explained by genic SNPs and variance explained by more conserved SNPs ( Fig. 3b ), and between intergenic SNPs and less conserved SNPs ( Supplementary Fig. 3 ).

We see that the QD uncertainty values show a decreasing trend with higher magnification, and values as low as ≈5 nm are measured.

This demonstrated a strong signal of balancing selection on NPR1 , with a highly significant positive peak in Tajima's D (that is, an excess of intermediate frequency alleles) and an extreme composite likelihood ratio test score ( Fig. 3c,d ).

No evidence for BeCyclOp-mediated cAMP generation was found ( N =4), although illuminated samples showed a trend to increased cAMP.

We compare this figure with the highest fraction of two-returners best friends obtained from 100,000 randomized experiments where we randomly reassign each individual's best friend, obtaining RR rand ≈0.21, resulting in a highly significant P value (<10 −5 ), as shown in Fig. 7a,b .

Two non-synonymous variations in exon3 were also identified as marginally significant ( Supplementary Data 1 ).

1b ) and tumours with high contribution of this signature showed a trend towards poor survival ( Supplementary Fig. 1 ).

Flubendazole and rapamycin (included as a positive control) showed inhibitory effects on DC to T-cell transfer of HIV-1, whereas other autophagy inducers showed a trend but reached no statistical significance ( Supplementary Fig. 6a–c ).

Of the remaining 45 SNPs, four SNPs (rs4749884 at 10p14, rs12791447 at 11p15.4, rs75718479 at 12q23.1 and rs58262369 at 14q23.2) showed nominally significant associations at P additive <0.05 and had the same directions of association as in the GWAS meta-analysis ( Supplementary Table 5 ).

(A caveat to this finding is that different antibody clones were used for the surface fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) staining at baseline and at week 48 and, due to the possibility of different affinities, this is a possible confounder which needs to be explored in future studies.) The highly significant impact of the markers PD-1, Tim-3 and Lag-3 is intriguing, especially in view of the lack of association for markers of activation (HLA-DR, CD38), which might be expected to associate with rebound.