Excerpts

Smokers had higher APITH of SCNAs ( t -test p = 0.035, nominally significant) but similar APITH of methylation compared with non-smokers.

By stratifying patients according to the ICR/GIE classification of week 12 biopsies we found a slightly significant difference ( p value = 0.035, log-rank test) in OS and in PFS ( p value = 0.022, log-rank test) between the High-ICR/GIE and the High-ICR/Non-GIE group (Fig. 6c and Supplementary Fig 9b ).

Whilst no temporal or seasonal trends in monthly isolation rates were detected, either for individual infection types or in aggregate ( p > 0.1 using Bartel’s rank test), the 3GCR frequency showed an increasing trend ( p = 0.036 using Bartel’s rank test for trend, see Fig. 1a ), rising from mean 15% (range 10–21% per month) in the first nine months of the study to mean 34% (27–46% per month) in the final three months ( p = 0.0002, using test of difference in proportions of 3GCR between the two periods).

5c ), though two drug classes are nominally significant before controlling the false discovery rate: proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) ( p = 0.036) and anti-hyperglycemics ( p = 0.041).

However, this effect only approached significance ( p = .0375) and did not differ for ED and ID shifts.

As shown in Supplementary Table 2 , the proportion of two-haplotype blocks was linked to decreasing EFS ( P = 0.012) and OS ( P = 2.6 × 10 − 4 ), and it remained marginally significant after adjusting for NDJ error type ( P = 0.038 for OS).

In addition, we observed a second marginally significant (two-sided Wilcoxon ranksum test; p = 0.038) focus 3 mm away from the center (Supplementary Figs. 4 and 5 ).

A marginally significant genome-wide genetic correlation was observed between telomere length and MF (LDSC r = 0.23, s.e.m. = 0.11, P = 0.038), similar in magnitude to what was reported for telomere length and MPN (LDSC r = 0.19, s.e.m. = 0.09, P = 0.037) 20 .

When we additionally added 5 ng/ml TGF-β to induce Treg cell differentiation, the percentage of Foxp3 + Treg cells in CD4 + T cells showed a decreasing trend with increasing concentrations of LA (Fig. 5b, g , 25 μM, p = 0.039; 50 μM, p = 0.001) but did not cause differentiation of Th17 cells (Fig. 5b, f , p > 0.05).

The other seven climate hypotheses were borderline significant or nonsignificant, with the two most significant of these (at P -values of P < 0.0396 and P < 0.0304, permutation tests) indicating that rpoZ variants arose during climate periods that were drier, and warmer and drier, respectively.

Consistent with this finding, although sampling of ordinal trees was indeed moderately negatively correlated with the percent of species that were tropical ( ρ = −0.2029), this trend was only marginally significant ( F -test: two-tailed p = 0.0397).

The GO gene set involved in telomere maintenance showed nominally significant enrichment with IEAA ( P = 0.04, Supplementary Table 11 ), which is consistent with our results surrounding the overlap between IEAA and telomere length associated genes.

Moreover, our results could be conservative because the 131 threatened species in our study show a borderline significant trend towards having more missing traits than non-threatened species (Kruskal–Wallis test: p = 0.04, χ 2 = 19.96, df = 2; Supplementary Methods .

This decrease in the daily mean ΔLST w is dominated by a negative trend of the daytime ΔLST w (−0.142 K/decade, p = 0.04), while the nighttime ΔLST w demonstrates only interannual variability with a negligible temporal trend (0.002 K/decade, p = 0.97) (Fig. 1a ).

However, Δα w shows a positive trend (0.018 unitless/decade, p = 0.04) (Fig. 2a ), indicating that the albedo contrast between forests and openlands has been diminishing.

There was also a significant trend in the relative abundance of oxidoreductases along latitudinal gradients in surface waters (Fig. 5b , R 2 = 0.79, P = 0.04), with higher proportions of oxidoreductases in higher latitudes.

Interestingly, in all four regions, the sign of the univariate difference was negative (indicating weaker amplitude of responses to word stimuli), but note that only in V4 this difference was marginally significant (paired t -test, t 34 = −2.11, p = 0.04, d = −0.36, uncorrected; Supplementary Fig. 5 ).

No significant changes to cortical neuron or neural progenitor cell fractions were noted; however, a weak trend ( p = 0.041; non-significant after correcting for multiple comparisons) showing increase in immature astrocytes between control and active MS was found.

In this study of AMD in East Asians, the evidence of association for VEGFA rs943080 was only nominally significant ( P =0.041 in the discovery stage; Supplementary Table 1 ).

An analysis by cancer site found at most a marginally significant association between X mosaicism and lung cancer risk (OR=1.89, 95% CI=1.02–3.50, P value=0.042; 26 lung cancer cases with mosaicism).

A global test for differences in heteroplasmy count by haplogroup was nominally significant ( P = 0.042), with 0.007% of the variance of heteroplasmy count explained by haplogroups in the adjusted model.

SO 2 had a marginally significant negative effect on the diversity of invertebrates, reducing this by 26% ( P = 0.043), but did not cause significant changes in other aspects of invertebrate performance (Supplementary Fig. 2D ).

In the delta strain, CAY10499 showed a slightly significant reduction in foci in Caco2 cells ( P = 0.045), from ~ 30% infection in WA to ~ 5% infection in delta; no other inhibitors were significantly different.

In addition, main effects of stimulation type emerged as a marginal significance on ODD, f = 3.27, p = 0.045, η 2 = 0.10, while revealing no statistical difference between each two groups, all p s ≥ 0.077.

The regression coefficients of grass cover showed a decreasing trend along spatial scales, with a significant positive correlation with the relative abundance of RA fungi within the 250 m radius ( β = 0.183; p = 0.045), but negative correlations with the richness ( β = −0.127; p = 0.028), Shannon diversity ( β = −0.172; p = 0.005) and relative abundance ( β = −0.129; p = 0.048) of LFSA fungi within the 10,000 m radius for all plots (Fig. 3b and Supplementary Figs. 7 – 12 ).