Excerpts

The public health effect of such micro-environmental elements might be significant, assuming that improvements to these elements could lead to an increased walking time per person per week.

For samples incubated at 22 °C, there was not a significant association (χ 2 = 1.730, p =0.084) at the 95% confidence level, however as it is approaching significance, this should be revaluated with more data.

The results were similar at 1, 6 and 12 months with a trend towards significance at 1 and 12 months ( Figure 3 ).

Conversely, a positive trend was identified in the state of Bihar, where in 1993, 90% of food grains were diverted away from those in need; by 2001 this figure was down to just 12.5% of diverted food grain [ 56 ].

After September, since the runoff recharge source gradually decreased and disappeared, the runoff simulation exhibited a decreasing trend.

In rapidly developing China, both a decreasing trend for some traditional POPs and/or increasing trend for some emerging POPs has been observed in the marine environment, such as PCDD/Fs, HCB, and PFOs [ 40 ].

Among the reported non-household sources of exposure, communal/occupational exposures, outdoor communal fires (OR = 2.31) and ETS exposure in enclosed workspaces (OR = 1.93) were found to have significant and marginally significant associations, respectively.

The last mortality study of the ACC showed a marginally significant increased mortality risk in nonmalignant pulmonary conditions when comparing men who served in Vietnam versus those who served outside Southeast Asia (adjusted relative risk (ARR) = 2.20, 95% CI: 0.99, 4.91).

The AACEs presented an increasing trend from 2007 to 2015, growing from 331.9729 million tons in 2008 to 379.9784 million tons in 2015, an increase of 13.2%, and a declining trend in 2016, when it fell to 373.9123 million tons.

The association between education and PhenoAA is only marginally significant, which is consistent with a lack of association between education and PhenoAA in African-American women in another study [ 24 ].

Linear regressions further confirmed significant or marginally significant positive relationships between women’s LH, FSH, T, and E2/T levels and their reported state of being in love. 4.

We found no differences in estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), or cortisol levels (CT) between single women and those in love (though group differences in E2/T levels approached significance).

A positive value of the slope indicates an increasing trend and a negative value a decreasing trend.

Data from the FAO in 2006, collected from six developing countries, showed that there was an increasing trend in dietary energy availability from 1970 to 2000 [ 12 ].

Results: A time-trend analysis shows that the infanticide rate tended to grow despite a decreasing trend in the quarterly infant mortality rate.

Results indicate that: (1) compared to the original Terra DT and Aqua DT AOD data, the average daily spatial coverage of the merged AOD data increased by 94% and 132%, respectively; (2) the values of four-year average AOD were high in the north-east and low in the south-west of the PYRD; (3) the annual average AOD showed a decreasing trend from 2014 to 2017 while the seasonal average AOD reached its maximum in spring; and that (4) Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and slope contributed most to the spatial distribution of AOD, followed by precipitation and population density.

According to the relevant literature [ 50 ], from 1960 to 2012, the number of haze days showed an increasing trend of fluctuation in Xi’an.

[ 6 ] found an increasing trend in ED dental visits over the years 2001 to 2008 in data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS).

There was a highly significant association between MA and the environmental component of the QOL scores [ 12 ].

Before the introduction of CII, an increasing trend existed in the OOP expenses.

Yet, the heritability between fathers and offspring was highly significant, arguing against a simple spurious association fully explained by an aftereffect of pathogen transmission of infection during pregnancy.

The results in Table 6 show that all of the coefficients obtained from the RPL model were highly significant at the 1% level and the signs agreed with our expectations.

The RH add showed a trend for a more asymmetric pattern than HA for all musical cadences.

In these studies, there was a significant trend for increases in the number of infections in contacts as the degree of smear positivity in index TB patients increased.

The best regression equations were selected according to two criteria: the equation had to be logical (i.e., it had to provide a causal explanation for an observed trend), and it needed to have a high goodness of fit (i.e., R 2 ) [ 38 , 40 ].