Excerpts

Surprisingly, although the non-heterosexual group started off showing no pro- or anti-thin bias, following the intervention they did show a pro-thin bias (although we note the paired t -test for this group did not quite reach significance).

While our study did not find a significant moderation of reactivity as a function of metacognitive monitoring ability (measure through within-subject gamma correlations), the effect approached significance and the study was somewhat underpowered to address this question (as it was not the primary aim of the study).

In contrast, valence category [ W (1) = 7.28, p = 0.007], spatial target [ W (7) = 70.09, p < 0.001], and their interaction W (7) = 131.24, p < 0.001, were highly significant.

While the protective factors operate in the expected negative direction, their effect sizes are limited and only marginally significant.

Note, however, that with b = -0.58, SE = 0.35, OR = 0.56, p = 0.093, the interaction effect is only marginally significant in Model 1 of the regression analysis.

Even though this p -value is only marginally significant, with regard to our rather small number of participants, we decided to calculate all planned post hoc contrasts in order to examine our hypothesis.

Moreover, the predicted indirect effect was marginally significant, β = 0.01, CI [−0.002,0.03].

The predicted indirect effect of indispensability on commitment via prototypicality and identification was not significant at low status, but it approached significance closely, β = 0.02, CI [−0.002,0.06], while it was far from being significant, and not even in the same direction, at high-status ( Table 4 ).

Brain Connectivity in Dyslexia A significant trend in cognitive neuroscience today is the brain connectivity approach, which explores the functional or structural connectivity patterns of brain regions that support cognitive or linguistic processing.

( 2010 ) found slight improvements in the initiate scale of the BRIEF—Teacher Form, even though these only approached significance.

A significant positive correlation between (LF/HF) REST and τ off (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.043) was found, but not with t delay (ρ = −0.19, p = 0.37); note, however, that this last correlation had a negative trend.

Overall, we can observe a negative trend regarding inter- and intrapersonal comparisons of the average number of attended courses for both experimental groups.

Although this was not included in our hypotheses, it is worth mentioning because it demonstrates a strong trend toward improvement in leaders’ performance over time, as perceived by their employees.

(6) Neither the main effect of List nor any of its interactions with the other factors approached significance.

After treatment termination, however, Pam’s scores on the outcome measures showed a decreasing trend and 2 years after treatment ended clinical significant improvement was achieved on the BDI-II (RCI = −4.61, <−1.96, p < 0.05).

Results We started with looking for a trend in the speed time series (by Kendall’s non-parametric rank correlation coefficient) and confirmed that almost 80% of the 280 marathoners (77%) had a decreasing trend in speed data.

These findings suggest that in cultural settings with strong family connections, maternal behaviors may be significant for internalizing outcomes, while peer influence plays a larger role for externalizing behaviors.

At test 2 3 months later, L2 listeners showed a marginal trend to respond with more probability-based errors.

The L2 listeners also showed a trend of improvement 3 months later in both word and tone identification; though the difference between the two tests was not statistically significant.

(1) Given a noise level, when the number of examinees increases from 1,000 to 2,000, the average MSE for ς and β show a decreasing trend.

However, the relatively lower mean score for this factor (M = 3.48) compared to the AI-interaction factors is highly significant.

Applying these approaches to families who are supporting children and adults with behaviors of concern appears to be a significant trend ( Woodcock and Page, 2010 ).

Although the strength of this association was only marginally significant, it is in accordance with a robust body of research linking socioeconomic disadvantage to poorer literacy outcomes ( Buckingham et al., 2014 ; Noble et al., 2015 ; Pan et al., 2005 ; Romeo et al., 2022 ).

Whilst there is an increasing trend in its use, possibly motivated by perceived usefulness, there is a need to support older people in accessing such technologies through simpler interface design, training provision, and demonstrating that it can improve their quality of life ( Heart and Kalderon, 2013 ).

We found a significant direct contribution to symbolic processing of single-digit numbers and an almost significant direct contribution to symbolic processing of double-digit numbers.