Excerpts

This metric provides a cautious, Bayesian interpretation of p -values, assisting researchers in avoiding the overstatement of marginally significant results.

Conversely, assessments of Subjective Task Value showed a relatively even distribution with a favorable trend, with option seven being the most frequently chosen. 4.

Consequently, regarding shooting performance, while descriptive patterns and post-hoc comparisons indicated within-group improvements and a nominally significant between-group difference at post-test, these findings lack robust statistical support from the overall interaction effect and must be interpreted with caution.

3.5 CSIS After 12 weeks, in the assessment of sensory integration ability, repeated measures ANOVA revealed that the time × group interaction for vestibular perception ( F = 7.751, p = 0.001, η 2 p = 0.437) and learning ability ( F = 6.537, p = 0.013, η 2 p = 0.395) were both highly significant.

Furthermore, the white lie cognition score of children with intellectual disability ( M = 0.58, SD = 0.11) was higher than that of children with autism spectrum disorder ( M = 0.25, SD = 0.12), a difference that was marginally significant [* p * = 0.056, 95% CI (-.66, .008)].

For the Original Grit Scale (Grit-O), marginally significant pre-to-post differences were detected in the > 35 sessions and < 35 sessions groups, while no significant difference was observed in the = 35 sessions group.

Path coefficients with p < 0.01 (highly significant).

However, this relationship was partially mediated by risk aversion, becoming only marginally significant after controlling for the general propensity to avoid risk.

The duration of cancer also appears to play a subordinate role here (group comparisons over the investigated duration groups were almost insignificant; for more detail, see Table 3 ).

Epidemiological data from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Global Burden of Disease Study indicate an important trend: although age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of stroke have shown a moderate decline, the absolute number of stroke cases among older adults worldwide has increased markedly because of the rapid growth of the aging population ( Torres-Roman et al., 2025 ).

Although several Shapiro–Wilk tests yielded marginally significant results, repeated-measures ANOVA is generally considered robust to mild departures from normality, particularly with sample sizes comparable to those of the present study.

While the control group displayed relatively stable levels of wellbeing between the pretest and posttest measurements—with an effect size of d = 0.00 indicating a complete absence of change—participants in the intervention group experienced a meaningful increase in positive psychological functioning following regular participation in physical activity, with a within-group effect size of d = 0.93 indicating a large and practically significant improvement.

Analysis of the 12 Kinematic measures confirmed a highly significant main effect of Session for all metrics, even after correction.

Behavioral indices showed a trend toward improvement across sessions, and kinematic analyses indicated increases in acceleration and displacement, suggesting more comfortable environmental conditions.

The threshold parameters ( b ) of all items in the GAD-7 and the PHQ-9 showed an increasing trend.

Against this backdrop, universities across the country have expanded their enrollment scales, with arts programs—including vocal music majors—showing a marked trend of year-on-year growth in student intake ( Huo and Jing, 2022 ).

Furthermore, an increasing trend in dropout rates, though non-significant, was found among students from first to fifth classes ( p = 0.0694).

(2024) , a marginally significant result was obtained.

Although this result was marginally non-significant, the magnitude and direction of the pooled estimate remained broadly consistent with the main analysis.

Additionally, breath practices are traditionally and practically significant to other biofield healing systems like Qigong, where qi may be considered synonymous with prana ( Rubik et al., 2015 ; Belal et al., 2023 ).

Within-group analyses revealed significant or marginally significant increases in the experimental group across multiple dimensions, including flexibility, fluency, and originality.

A marginal trend suggested slightly higher scores for males. 4.5.1.1.

Purpose With the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) computing power, the creation and development of human-AI collaborative teams have become a significant trend in organizational development.

(2023) also confirmed a highly significant positive effect of self-concept on students’ employability-that is, the stronger a student’s self-concept, the higher their employability.

Overall, the table illustrates a clear trend: higher levels of TASs adoption correspond with improved patient recovery outcomes, underscoring the importance of EBD in shaping healing environments. 4.2.2.