Excerpts

Analysis of variance showed a highly significant difference among mutant families for all studied traits.

Although, it was not significant, there was a clear trend of decreasing amino acid levels in N starved Mace roots (Supplementary Figure 1 ).

The main effect of the watering treatment was highly significant (Table 3 ), with most traits increasing in wet vs. dry soils (Figure 5 ).

In contrast, for the AM fungal marker, a weak trend existed, showing a reduction in the 13 C incorporation in drought mesocosms.

Four weeks after inoculation, plants inoculated with N ARD already showed a trend for reduced growth, which became significant 8 weeks after inoculation for aboveground parts (Supplementary Table S2 ).

Overall, the source of the inoculated nematodes -ARD or control soil- and the interaction between ARD nematodes and microbes were highly significant factors determining ARD.

The ANOVA results of parents and FW-RILs both indicated that extremely significant variation exists in genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment (Tables 1 , 2 ).

Consistently, when considering individual PSM, significant negative correlations were found for the inducibility of two lignan hexoside derivatives, and marginally significant for three lignan xyloside derivatives and taxifolin derivative 1, after FDR correction (Supplementary Table SM3 ).

Generally, the expression levels of other genes showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.

An overall trend was visible that both fungi promoted an increase in biomasses (Figure 2 ).

The regression curve shows an increasing trend in dry root yield till N 90 , P 40 , and K 20 ; after that, it nearly stabilized.

4.2.1 Effects of MAT on SOCD In the northern region of China, MAT showed an increasing trend, resulting in a net decrease in SOCD in the region ( Table 3 ; Figure 6B ).

3.3 Changes in grassland area and SOCS (0–100 cm) from 1982 to 2020 Chinese grassland area showed a decreasing trend between 1982 and 2020, with a decrease of 3.985 × 10 5 km2 ( Table 4 ).

We observed an increasing trend in hydraulic traits' time series (Figure S2 ).

To verify the AI-powered trait analysis, we further evaluated the computational results with both manually scored spike number and yield production, resulting in highly significant correlations and thus the reliability of our phenotypic analysis pipeline.

The gene expression level of cluster 1 gradually decreased along pseudotime, while clusters 2 and 3 showed an increasing trend ( Figure 6D ).

( 2017 ), a highly significant linear relationship was found between NDRE from handheld and UAV-based RapidSCAN sensing on a maize canopy, yet, the handheld data showed less variation as compared to UAV-based data collected with a fluctuating height from 0.5 to 1.5 m.

However, the untargeted chemical composition demonstrated clear clustering in the nMDS plot (Figure 3A ), which proved highly significant (MGLM-ANOVA; Table 3 ).

Nonetheless, the extracted fungal DNA from plant stems showed a trend with the AP treatment having more fungal DNA compared to the P treatment in “Canard,” although this was not a statistically significant difference.

Metabolites in subclass 1 showed an increasing trend under LNNP, and the content of metabolites in subclass 3 tended to increase under NNLP and LNLP compared with NNNP, while subclass 4 metabolites showed a decreasing trend under LNLP, and those in subclasses 2 and 5 exhibited a decreasing trend under NNLP, LNNP, and LNLP in comparison to NNNP.

While there were some differences in the concentrations of auxin and gibberellins at certain time points, they did not exhibit a clear trend of variation ( Supplementary Figure S4 ).

Results Physical and Chemical Parameters The T ( P < 0.001), Cond ( P < 0.001), pH ( P < 0.001) and Chla ( P < 0.001) showed an increasing trend during the survey periods (Figures 2A,C,D,J ).

However, our results showed that the interaction herbivore-neighbor species was hardly significant.

A positive trend from 10 to 15% yield gain over check cultivars was observed for an early generation of hybrid cultivars (Perenzin et al., 1998 ).

Linear regression analysis was conducted on the nutrient resorption efficiency and the nutrient variation of plants from fresh petals to petal litter, and the nutrient resorption efficiency of petal N, P, and K showed an extremely significant positive correlation with the corresponding nutrient variation ( Figure 6 ).