Excerpts

Consistent with the above findings, neutrophil-mediated ADCC of SKBR3 cells using afucosylated trastuzumab resulted in a highly significant and prominent (up to ~80–90%) decrease in ADCC when compared to normally fucosylated trastuzumab ( Figure 4A ).

Induction therapy was similar between the two groups but (in line with what observed in Figure 4 ) there was a strong trend for a higher proportion of patients on ciclosporin in the responder group ( Table 2 ).

We found a higher percentage of H2D b -GP33-41 + CD8 + T cells in NFAT1 KO mice while NFAT1/2 DKO mice showed a trend of reduced frequency and significant decreased total numbers of H2D b -GP33-41 specific CTLs compared to WT controls ( Figures 2A,B , S2B – D ).

Recently, we have seen an increasing trend in the number of positive trials in which XRT is used to treat up to three metastatic sites.

Adjustment for diet effect tended to negate the association between the microbiome and splenic SR gene expression, which became non-significant for the gut microbiome and only marginally significant for the gill microbiome.

Similarly, despite a positive trend, the correlation of plasma CXCL13 was not significant with plasma BAFF and sCD40L levels, two other indicators of B-cell activity (data not shown).

Furthermore, we previously described a negative trend between IFNs and fatigue ( 29 ).

Combined immunization with the mixture of the fusion Xcl1-Fc protein and the free OVA SLP + CpG still resulted in a significantly better CTL expansion than in the group receiving free Xcl1 mixed with the OVA SLP + CpG, which only showed a trend for higher OVA-specific CTLs as compared to only OVA SLP + CpG.

Nevertheless, a substantial increase in lymphoproliferative response, in comparison to infected control, was evident only in the lymph node cells of hamsters vaccinated with P-15+BCG (0.3175 ± 0.027) on day 60 p.c., whereas by day 90 p.c., this response was found to be highly significant in all the three peptides+BCG vaccinated groups i.e., P-10+BCG (0.3931 ± 0.014), P-14+BCG (0.4533 ± 0.008), and P-15+BCG (0.4551 ± 0.022) which was in accordance with the DTH response ( Figure 3C ).

Among the pre-Ty21a time-point, clusters 9, 11, 13, 18, and 19 are significantly more abundant in children, while only cluster 3 is significantly higher in adults (with clusters 7 and 10 trending toward significance; Figure 6B ).

Importantly, patients with SLE did not show any significant difference in these immunosuppressive molecules, although showed a trend to have lower serum levels ( Figure 5 ).

Highly significant correlation was recently reported between C1M, C6M, and VICM with CRP although correlations with MRI inflammation were not assessed ( 19 ).

Our results clearly demonstrated a highly significant increase in the expression of both TLR1 and TLR10 cDNA in HIV-1-infected compared to uninfected primary BM cells from the same geographical location ( Figure 2 ; P = 0.0006 and P < 0.0001 , respectively).

Interestingly, T cell-intrinsic P2RX7 deficiency induced the PP Tfh response and it almost significantly induced the Tfh cell response in the spleen as well.

On the other hand, within the same time frame, IgG treatment showed a trend for increased tumor growth, as previously reported ( 29 ).

As shown in Figure 8 , TAC and MePRD reduced the secretion of IFNγ significantly by 71.1 ± 24.5% and 95.6 ± 5.5%, respectively; whereas MPA and EVE by 42.4 ± 19.8% and 42.9 ± 15.3%, respectively, CsA-induced changes were barely significant (27.3 ± 12.16%) ( Figure 8A , left panel).

In contrast, IVIg showed a trend toward increased IFNγ production and secretion.

PC-3 cells also showed a strong and highly significant increase in the expression of MICB and ULBP-2/5/6, however the increase in MICA expression was only moderate but still significant after 5 mM and 2.5 mM VPA treatment ( Figures 2A–C ).

Moreover, a positive trend was observed between B cell miR-155 and miR-181 and EBV miR-BART2 and miR-BHRF1 clusters ( 86 ).

However, the highly significant contributions to drug development demonstrates that macaques can nonetheless serve as an excellent preclinical model.

By contrast, a near-significant increase in corneal CD11c + cells was observed in I/F8-Fc treated mice, suggesting a role of ALCAM blockade in the retention of antigen-presenting DCs in the cornea ( Figures 6F,G ).

Nevertheless, after 6-days of co-culture and 6 h of Env peptide pool stimulation, T cells co-cultured with DCs from Ad-SIV-immunized macaques showed enhanced frequencies of cytokine + cells approaching significance compared to those co-cultured with DCs from macaques that received Ad-Empty vectors ( Figure 9C ).

2DG, but not CG-5, showed a trend toward reduced B cell proliferation.

There was a highly significant overlap of up-regulated or down-regulated genes between poly(dA-dT) and poly(I:C) treatment groups ( Figures 2A,B ), indicating that the dsDNA and dsRNA viral infection induce common transcriptome changes.

These increases may be significant with regard to the sea urchin response to immune challenge because these two types of phagocytes show the highest expression of the anti-pathogen SpTrf proteins ( 10 , 26 ) that is also consistent with increases in the percentages of SpTrf + small phagocytes in response to immune challenge ( 23 ).