Excerpts

An increasing trend was determined when the EAPC and the lower limit of the 95% CI were above zero, and vice versa for a decreasing trend.

Models 2 to 4 included SE ( β = 0.024, P < 0.001), PSS ( β = 0.026, P < 0.001), and ES ( β = 0.026, P < 0.001) as core independent variables, in which the estimated results showed that each had a highly significant positive and similar effect.

An increasing trend in the number of migrant workers was observed from 2012 to 2019.

The differences between levels of disclosure by the data collection methods tested ranged from a negligible 6% to a highly significant > 500% across studies.

Although individual hesitancy towards the test itself or distrust of broader health systems may be significant drivers of lower testing uptake in more socially vulnerable communities, it is important to consider the broader logistical challenges that have interfered with community members’ intentions and abilities to engage in testing behaviors.

Natural focal diseases and vector-borne infectious diseases showed an increasing trend, as the observed incidence in 2020 was 46.86% higher than the estimated cases.

Health-related quality of life, social activities and meaningfulness Both social activities and meaningfulness showed a positive trend over time for the maximal exposure group, while these were negative for the minimal and no exposure group.

In an evaluation of a major infrastructural intervention in Belfast, health-related quality of life scores also followed a negative trend, with significant decrease over time [ 34 ].

Compared with “low” level of total aerobic activity (including walking) based on the IPAQ guideline, the “high” level was also inversely associated with all-cause mortality but the association was marginally significant (HR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.78–1.01; P -trend = 0.07).

According to the National Ageing Development Bulletin 2020, there is an increasing trend in the number of health institutions, beds in health institutions, and health technicians in the country [ 7 ].

However, recently an increasing trend in the prevalence of prediabetes and prehypertension conditions is commonly found among younger adults aged less than 35 years because of ongoing epidemiologic and demographic transition [ 25 , 28 , 36 ].

In general, the association between length of service and OHL was statistically significant and showed an evident trend with an increase in the length of service, particularly in the subgroup of middle or high school education level.

A decreasing trend was observed for ASMR and ASDR of those age 60 to 90 years old with a reverse trend only occurs in 80 to 84 years old (Figure S 5 ).

A generally increasing trend was observed in SEV of all seven other GBD super regions, North Africa and Middle East had the fastest increasing SEV as well as the highest ASMR and ASDR from 1990 to 2019 in this seven GBD super regions while High-income posed a relatively stable SEV as well as the lowest ASMR and ASDR, which showed a trend of general decrease (Figure S 3 ).

As for SEV of those age 60 years old or older, there exists a rapidly decline trend before 80 years old however an increasing trend in those aged 80 to 90 years old then decreased in 95+ age group.

The chi-square test showed a highly significant rural-urban differential in unmet needs for healthcare for majority of characteristics.

However, population ageing has contributed to an increasing trend NCDs, which are highly common among the elderly, putting them at risk of multiple chronic diseases as they age [ 2 ].

In terms of the NCD prevalence rates in each cohort by age group, there was a decreasing trend with more recent birth cohorts there was a decreasing trend t, thus indicating a lower prevalence of NCDs in the more recent birth cohorts (SI Appendix Table S 2 , Fig. 3 ).

The rate of CVD events showed an increasing trend from the normal weight to obese categories in both men (0.31, 0.41, and 0.45 per 10,000 person years, respectively) and women (0.11, 0.21, and 0.26 per 10,000 person years, respectively).

Holiday periods and their interaction for Children only show a barely significant association with a lower reported number of contacts.

Somatoform disorders showed a decreasing trend followed by an increasing trend.

The number of new diagnoses for schizophrenia and mood disorders increased early after school closure; while eating disorders showed an increasing trend several months later.

Also, there is an increasing trend in these associations, meaning that the proportion of children who are on track in their ECD increases along with the number of media used by their mothers.

This is supported by the statistical analysis which found that the main effect of intervention condition ( F (1, 1022) = 5.25, p = .02) was significant while that of wave ( F (1, 1022) = 3.15, p = .07) was marginally significant.

Again, it is likely that missing data and the choice to conduct a complete case analysis contributed to the borderline significance, given that n = 329 for Model 8.