Excerpts

A clear trend is observed wherein the channel estimation error increases with the number of transmitting antennas.

A clear trend is observed where increasing activator content from 10 to 14% enhances strength at all curing ages, owing to improved dissolution of binder particles.

All SASP factors demonstrated an increasing trend with age, indicating that natural aging in the kidney is accompanied by chronic inflammation, DNA damage, and other molecular alterations (Fig. 2 D).

towards answering “same” (highly significant \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$c > 0$$\end{document} ), but much smaller (and statistica

When cytology results were compared according to the presence or absence of bacterial STIs (Table 2 ), no statistically significant differences were observed, although a nonsignificant trend toward a higher frequency of ASCUS cytology was noted among patients with STIs (17 vs. 13.2%).

analyzed the spatio-temporal dynamics of vegetation coverage and found that from 2000 to 2020, vegetation coverage generally showed an increasing trend, but there was obvious spatial heterogeneity.

A global 2 × 7 contingency table analysis using Pearson’s Chi-squared test was conducted to assess the overall association between statin treatment and ADR incidence, revealing highly significant associations for both muscle and liver ADRs.

Parameters showing p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant, while those with p < 0.01 and p < 0.001 indicated highly significant effects.

A decreasing trend of about − 0.35 ± 0.20% (1σ) per decade is found in winter for the entire period from 1963 to 2024, with reduced TOC monitoring (Fig. 5 a).

It can be observed that mass transfer exhibits a diminishing trend in response to destructive chemical reactions, whereas mass transfer experiences an increasing trend for generative chemical reactions.

The fact that both losses followed a decreasing trend in parallel shows that the model was properly optimized and learned multimodal representations effectively.

The Durbin Wu Hausman test indicates no evidence of endogeneity at the 5% significance level; however, marginal significance at the 10 percent level suggests potential endogeneity.

This relationship is practically significant, as the formation of magnetite enhances the chemical stability of the sediment and imparts a dark color, expanding their potential for further applications, such as pigment materials.

Field trials with organic maize conducted over two consecutive years in Germany showed a trend toward improved plant growth following the application of specifically designed microbial consortia (MCs), and a significant yield response to organic fertilization with potato protein liquid 26 .

Another notable change is that as age, glucose and BMI increase, there is a slight trend for heart rate to increase.

Figure 4 a illustrates the mean root mean square error (RMSE) across varying numbers of hidden neurons in the ANN model, revealing a decreasing trend in RMSE as the number of neurons increases, followed by a plateau.

Uptake and tissue concentration of heavy metal Statistical analysis confirmed highly significant differences in heavy metal concentrations across the various Fe-SZ and Fe-NB amendments, underscoring their potential as sustainable strategies for mitigating metal uptake in wheat under combined drought and contamination stress (Table 5 ).

Wheat yield showed an increasing trend with increasing soil nutrient status.

Meanwhile, TERG_01198 IR proportion increased in both strains after 3 h, whereas TERG_02669 showed a trend toward increased IR from 1 h to 3 h in the WT, with no significant difference with respect to the mutant.

For the full sample, the coefficient on the interaction term is 0.123 and is highly significant ( \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p<0.001$$\end{document} ), as shown in Column 3 of Table 3 .

The 2019 coefficient is \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$-0.038$$\end{document} ( p = 0.017), which is marginally significant.

The extent of spatial association varied across the observation years, and the overall intensity of spatial correlation showed an increasing trend.

Corresponding to the reduction in density, both compressive and splitting tensile strengths exhibited a decreasing trend, indicating a direct influence of density on mechanical performance.

Isolate FM65 was the second most effective, achieving a highly significant 15.47% reduction, lowering the straw Na/K ratio to 7317.073.

The results demonstrated that: (1) With increasing phosphorus application, the total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in roots and leaves at the jointing, silking, and milk-ripening stages exhibited a pattern of “low phosphorus treatment enhancing TP content, while high phosphorus treatment suppressing TP uptake.” Total potassium (TK) content showed a decreasing trend, with the highest nutrient uptake observed at the phosphorus application rate of 150 kg ha−1.