Excerpts

Conversely, the regression modeling for the TT model exhibited the best fit at a 0 MPa water potential of 0 MPa and a highly significant ( p < 0.001) R 2 = 0.939 after 4 h but displayed a non-significant ( p > 0.05) lowest fit (R 2 = 0.163) at a water potential of -6.0 MPa after 2 h (Fig. 7 ).

The distributions of the Coc and SD groups were significantly different from each other, while Coc + SD was not significantly different than either, although the comparison with Coc reached a trend towards significance (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Coc vs SD p = 0.001 , Coc vs Coc + SD p = 0.058 , Coc + SD vs SD p = 0.28 ).

Sensorineural hearing loss was detected in 65.1% of male patients, while hearing survival periods showed a highly significant difference between the non-truncating and truncating groups ( P < 0.001, HR 5.1).

Similarly, in the PFS analyses, there was a clear trend toward shorter PFS in patients with a lower PNI (< 47.8 vs. ≥ 47.8, p = 0.001) , liver metastases ( p = 0.006), and extensive-stage disease at diagnosis ( p < 0.001).

However, subgroup analysis showed that even in patients with a history of trauma, the treatment effect in the experimental group still showed a trend of superiority (83.3% vs. 60.0%), and the main conclusion was supported by the large sample size in the subgroup without a history of trauma ( P < 0.001).

We found 558 contigs with highly significant correlations (p < 0.001); 206 of these were positively correlated, while the remaining 352 were negatively correlated ( Supplementary Table S3 ).

The adjusted results showed that the risk of MetS in the Q2 and Q3 groups remained significantly lower than in the Q1 group, with adjusted OR (95% CI) of 0.77 (0.69–0.87) and 0.70 (0.61–0.80), both reaching highly significant levels ( P < 0.001).

At both institutions, gender remained a highly significant predictor, with the disparity markedly more pronounced: male students exhibited 97% lower odds of HIV test uptake at IMSU (OR = 0.03, p < 0.001) and 95% lower odds at FEDPOLYNEK (OR = 0.05, p < 0.001) relative to their female counterparts.

Highly significant (p < 0.001) DEG events between OF and DR over time included T-box genes involved in heart development ( tbx2a/3a ), regulation of glucose ( fam132a ), membrane component ( chst2b ), regulation of vascular permeability ( src ), transmembrane transport ( slc6a17 ), metabolic process ( pah ), retinoic acid regulation ( nr2f5) and axon guidance ( arl3l1 , ntn1a , tnc ).

After exclusion of patients with breast cancer, sex related OS was 16 months for female patients (n = 92; 95% CI: 11.2–20.8 months) and 7 months for men (n = 148; 95% CI: 4.6–9.4 months), still evidencing a highly significant difference in OS ( p = 0.001—Fig. 3 B).

3 , there is a highly significant association of grass pollen concentration and the index physical symptoms ( β = 0.002; p < 0.001).

Specifically, the estimated values of the intercept (b1) and the quadratic term of UOT (b3) were − 0.28 and − 0.00, respectively, both showing highly significant effects ( p < 0.001; Table 1 ).

Gestational age demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation ( p < 0.001) with plasma β-hCG concentrations in the LNSP group, and weak positive correlations in the miscarriage and PUL groups.

The effect of N on yield was extremely significant ( p < 0.001), while the interaction effects of S-N and Y-S-N had remarkable effects (0.001 < p < 0.05).

Snow cover was highly variable, but did not show a significant trend over time (parametric coefficients: estimate 7.42 ± 0.93, P < 0.001; smooth term: F (25,29) = 2.72, P = 0.062; R 2 = 0.217; Fig. 1 b).

Over 2000–2021, ice discharge in this sector shows a statistically highly significant ( p < 0.001) negative trend while OTF shows a statistically highly significant ( p < 0.001) positive trend until 2019 (Fig. 3 b).

Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that drought, cultivar, and their interaction had highly significant effects on all measured traits ( p < 0.001; Supplementary File 1: Table S3 ).

The pattern of isolation by distance (IBD) became highly significant after the heatwave (Mantel tests Z = 691.70, r = 0.92, P < 0.001) but was not significant before (Mantel tests Z = 500.99, r = 0.40, P = 0.17).

Notably, the direct effect of smoking decreased from 0.582 to 0.364 after accounting for mediators, yet remained highly significant (P<0.001), indicating that 62.5% of smoking’s impact operates through pathways not captured by these three mediators—presumably including direct epithelial toxicity, oxidative stress, protease-antiprotease imbalance, and immune dysregulation.

The sEMG recording allowed highly significant discrimination between most of the emotional expressions (p < 0.001) but a few failed (p > 0.05).

An increasing trend in mean HbA1c was found in healthy and high-risk hosts (healthy hosts, 0.07 ± 0.02% [ P < 0.001]; high-risk hosts, 0.10 ± 0.03% [ P < 0.001]; Table 2 ).

FMV-RNN-AE shows highly significant improvements over all single-view baselines ( p < 0.001) and all multi-view baselines ( p < 0.01).

A highly significant positive correlation was obtained between tocopherol content and α-tocopherol (r = 0.97, ***P < 0.001).

CO Emissions: Highly significant reduction with CNG (F = 45.63, p < 0.001).

It is important to note that adjustment for average daily screen time, as well as for levels of physical activity and sleep quality (as covariates in ANCOVA), did not alter the significance of the results: all between-group differences remained highly significant ( p < 0.001).