Excerpts

Changes in hydropeaking in recent years Of the 92 regulated river gauging stations analyzed, 54 had more than five years of hourly discharge data, and 34 (63%) of those 54 stations showed a significant trend (Mann-Kendall trend test) for HP1, while 40 (74%) showed a significant trend for HP2.

In the present analysis, we observed that hydropeaking is already at high levels in many Nordic rivers and that there is an increasing trend in HP1 for 63% of rivers with >5 years of observations and in HP2 for 74% of these rivers.

However, the results reflected a clear trend in duration effect on liposome modulation.

From the proteome perspective, the distribution of evolutionary ages of expressed (detected) versus non-expressed (undetected) proteins exhibited a clear trend (Fig. 3a ): expressed proteins represented a dominant fraction (70–80%) in the oldest phylostrata (ps1-4), and their percentage then continually dropped, to reach zero in some of the most recent phylostrata (ps13 and ps15).

Howerver, patients with IPF and air trapping, as determined by the E/I ratio, showed a trend toward worse prognosis during follow-up.

An increasing trend was observed for the air pollutants of PM 2.5 , SO 2 , O 3 and CO and newly diagnosed TB at 3- and 6-month exposure windows.

Moreover, an increasing trend is seen in nanofluids temperature for both solutions with greater values of thermophoresis parameter.

On the other hand, in both species we registered a decreasing trend of respiration rates in colonies submitted to thermal stress, which suggest sublethal effects on their metabolic activity under thermal stress, in spite of the absence of necrosis in M . truncata .

Besides, it is indicated that when the frequency is below 10 MHz, the phase measurements show an increasing trend as the frequency increases, while when the frequency goes higher than 10 MHz, the phase measurements show a gentle turning point and start to show a different trend.

A clear trend is that targets with the thin layer have much brighter emission (~4×) than their thicker counterparts having the same material.

A marginally statistically significant association was found of BPA with sperm concentration.

Compared with subjects in undetected BPA group, subjects in group of the highest BPA tertile had significantly lower sperm concentration with a decreasing trend with BPA levels.

Although NK cells are functional in SCID, but not NSG mice, SCID mice developed significantly higher numbers of CTCs and almost significantly higher numbers of DTCs in the lung (Fig. 2 ).

Three SNPs (rs1065407, rs10050860, and rs2287987) had a nominally significant association with BD in all subjects, and one SNP (rs26618) had a nominally significant association with HLA-B*51 positive subjects ( P < 0.05).

In the pH-sensitive luciferases and their mutants, although the calculation of the overall microenvironment charge, considering the four residues H310, E311, R337 and E354, showed a trend for blue-shifted emission in electrostatically more negative environments and red-shifted emission for more positive environments (Table 2 ), the mutant R337E, in which there is a substantial increase of the overall negative charge character of the environment, also resulted in red light.

From the 12 th day onward, the blood mercury level in the model group presented an increasing trend, which indicated mercury could not be excreted by metabolism.

We found a clear trend of higher prevalence of microcytic anaemia in persons with serological evidence of atrophic gastritis compared to persons without such condition, and all three persons with macrocytic anaemia tested positive for CagA IgG serum antibody.

Although new seed-images were continually supplemented throughout the evolution process, we found that the diversity of the “images” showed a decreasing trend (Figs 2 , S1 ).

Benefited from the higher [CO 2 ] in eCO 2 plots, an increasing trend of ES was observed from 2001 to 2008 (see Fig. 3 in 38 ), but the positive effects of elevated [CO 2 ] were still covered especially for the first time section (1998–2005/2006).

Differences in the surface properties of ferrous (Fe(OH) 2 ) and ferric (Fe(OH) 3 ) colloids are likely to be significant for P binding 24 .

Circulating insulin levels showed a trend to be elevated in Ad-B2 (−/−) female mice, however this failed to reach statistical significance against control female mice (Fig. 5C ).

Separate ANOVAs for old and new items indicated highly significant main effects of VALENCE, with no effect of GROUP and no GROUP*VALENCE interaction, indicating no effect of time of day on emotional ratings (Table 1 , Test 1–old and Test 1–new ).

In contrast, we identified only two putatively positively selected sites in hTLRs (hTLR4: T399I; hTLR5: I644F), both being marginally non-significant in the tests.

2 ) and the effect size remained significant or marginally significant after omission of each single study from the meta-analysis.

The level of significance was evaluated by a one-way ANOVA followed by a Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test, and p < 0.05 and 0.01 were considered as significant and highly significant, respectively.