Excerpts

Therefore, the protection over hindwings provided by elytra should be quite significant for beetles living in more abrasive niches, such as under the bark of trees or inside the soil or sand.

Nonetheless, C57BL/6 mice showed a trend for higher antibody titers (Geometrical mean 2.1 × 10 5 ) than BALB/c mice (Geometrical mean 5.1 × 10 4 ).

A decreasing trend was observed along the soil profile according to the mean values of SOC, with the exception of the 40–60 cm soil layer, which was more similar to the SSC trend.

As an example, we observe a clear trend in the pair correlation functions measured for a phenotypically atypical large cell ( Fig. 4 ).

Degree rank order disruption permeates the whole-brain network In addition to a perturbed k D and an abnormally variable community structure, patient groups exhibited consistent (and statistically highly significant) spatial patterns of brain regions gaining and losing functional connectivity.

Propionic acid also increased as the fermentation time increased from day 2 to day 12, reaching a maximum production of 21.08 ± 0.55 g/kg-TS at a percentage of 21.44 ± 0.56%, before showing a decreasing trend as the fermentation time increased.

The direct effect of the inattention scores on risk taking was marginally significant, whereas the direct effect of hyperactivity was significant (see Table 3 for coefficients and CIs).

A subset analysis after removing studies that were not consistent with HWE equation revealed a borderline significance for the association of the IL10 rs1800896 GA/AA genotype with susceptibility to pneumonia/pneumococcal disease ( Table 1 ).

Overall, the results show a highly significant increase in RNA polymerase II occupancy across the Aqp2 gene body associated with a large increase in aquaporin-2 mRNA.

However, foraging patterns clearly differed between these two species as indicated by the highly significant overall R and by the MDS ordination.

6d , the variation of pressure drop showed a trend of gradual decrease with the decrease of pore size ( Supplementary Fig.

Interestingly, the PAN membranes with average filtration efficiency of 66–68% and 86–88% first exhibited a distinct decrease of pressure drop with the reduction of fiber diameter from 168 to 71 nm and subsequently showed an increasing trend (as shown in Fig. 6b ).

An increasing trend with increasing soil moisture was confirmed for Q 10 of R s in relatively arid environments 48 , 49 .

However, we found marginally significant and significant negative relationships between soil temperature and the normalized- Q 10 for R s ( p = 0.081, R 2 = 0.57) and R hw ( p = 0.041, R 2 = 0.69), respectively ( Fig. 5d ).

Some authors have explained a decreasing trend for the warming effect after several years of warming by hypothesizing depletion of the labile C pools 18 , 19 .

Optomechanics is thus not only fundamentally important, as it provides a setting to understand the physics of optical-mechanical interactions 3 6 7 , but also practically significant with applications ranging from ultra-precision measurements 2 8 9 , light-matter entanglement 10 11 12 , mechanical memory 13 , tunable optical coupler 14 , classical state preparation through squeezing 15 16 , optical transparency 17 , and photon shuttling 18 to creation of nonclassical light 19 20 and cooling of microscopic or mesoscopic objects 21 22 .

MiR-34a gene expression also showed a trend towards an increase with age (data not shown), in agreement others previous finding in aged mice 24 .

Though not significant, we observed a clear trend towards an upregulation of the fetal gene nppa ( Fig. 5F ).

Lag-1 autocorrelation shows a decreasing trend in experiments while we observe an increasing trend in the model.

At the regional scale, a negative trend in mortality rate is seen in East Asia and the Pacific, Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, and the Middle East and North Africa.

On the other hand, global loss rates showed a decreasing trend in both J15 and our study for the period 1990–2010.

The annual total number of reported fatalities and the value of reported economic losses from flooding in the EM-DAT show an increasing trend between 1960 and 2013 (1.5% per year for the annual total number of reported fatalities and 6.3% per year for the value of reported economic losses; bars in Fig. 1b,c ).

The loss rate in countries with lower-middle income shows a negative trend, while that in countries with upper-middle income shows a positive trend.

Furthermore, Mantel test analysis showed a trend of increasing genetic differentiation with increasing geographical distance.

While some interactions appeared nominally significant none survived Bonferroni correction.