Excerpts

GC participants were slightly more likely to consume a vitamin D containing supplement (28.4%) than were BI participants (23.6%), although this result did not quite reach conventional levels of statistical significance ( p = 0.05).

These findings resulted in Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios of 2.72 and 4.36, respectively, with a nearly statistically significant difference ( p = 0.05; summarized in Table 3 and Table 5 A, and Figure 5 ).

After false discovery rate ( FDR ) correction, pathway enrichment analyses for genes harboring nominally significant ( p < 0.05) probes identified 44 significant pathways ( q < 0.05), and 5 pathways were related to lipid metabolism.

However, the analysis demonstrated a borderline significant effect of zinc supplementation in combination with other micronutrients on the risk of malaria parasitaemia compared with placebo ( p = 0.05, log RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.03–2.59, I 2 = 99.22%, with 8904 malaria cases in the zinc intake group and 522 malaria cases in the placebo group).

The body fluid recovery ratio was 24.0 ± 6.0% in the CW, which showed a trend toward being lower compared to the W trial (42.9 ± 5.4%; mean difference: −20.66%, 95% CI: [−41.40, 0.08]%, p = 0.050), and was significantly less than in the EW (45.4 ± 8.0%; mean difference: −22.96%, 95% CI: [−43.24, −2.68]%, p = 0.021) and ECW (47.8 ± 6.6%; mean difference: −25.53%, 95% CI: [−46.27, −4.79]%, p = 0.010) trials ( Figure 1 B). 3.2.

Microbial beta diversity analysis showed a marginally significant difference in overall community composition across groups (R 2 = 0.033, p = 0.05).

There was a trend towards an increase in the proportion of patients classified as sarcopenic; however, this did not reach statistical significance (OR = 2.4, 95%CI = [1.0, 6.0]; p = 0.05).

The results showed that Hopeaphenol treatment induced a highly significant increase in the thermal stability of total AMPK protein, with a ΔTm of +4.79 °C compared to the DMSO control ( p < 0.05), while the ΔTm for pAMPK was +0.91 °C ( Figure 4 G,H).

Although the difference in pre-meal hunger between Week two and Week four did not reach statistical significance ( p = 0.05), a rising trend was still observed in the self-reported ratings.

The differences were more pronounced from three to 15 days and marginally significant ( p > 0.05) after day 15 of lactation.

VAS-based appetite ratings did not show significant changes in hunger, fullness, or desire to eat, but a borderline significant reduction was observed in prospective food consumption after pelemir-enriched bread ( p = 0.050).

Also at the beginning of the study, the median sIgE value in response to rMal d 1 was 0.99 kU/L (range 0.04–94.60 kU/L) The patients showed a significant decrease of the median sIgE in response to Bet v 1 (10.60 to 5.19 kU/L; p = 0.01) and a nearly significant decrease of sIgE in response to rMal d 1 (0.99 to 0.61 kU/L; p = 0.05) after 2 years of BP-AIT ( Figure 2 ).

Overestimation was associated with higher restriction for weight control at the margin of statistical significance (B = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.00, 1.07, p = 0.050).

In a 12-month, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial (VIDOMA trial), we previously found evidence for a greater improvement with omega-3 LCPUFA with or without vitamin D in social interaction in children with ASD compared with placebo but the difference did not reach statistical significance ( P < 0.05) for most comparisons.

We only found a nominal positive association between the methylation levels of the CpG site -783 (measured by pyrosequencing) with the Matsuda-ISICOMP index (rho = 0.31; p = 0.02) ( Figure 3 ) with a near-significant association with ODI (rho = 0.27; p = 0.05).

Subgroup analyses by training history revealed an increasing trend in leg press strength for trained participants [WMD = 6.33 kg (95% CI: −0.18 to 12.85), p = 0.05, 14 interventions] but not in the untrained [WMD = 3.94 kg (95% CI: −2.68 to 10.56), p = 0.24, 27 interventions].

After adjusting for age and BMI, only consumption of tea with milk, biscuits, cake and bread slices and fish and eggs remained significantly different between groups, while consumption of coffee with milk showed borderline significance ( p = 0.05).

Effect of Niacin on Alpha Diversity Analysis Relative to the CTX group, the HNA group showed a trend toward higher alpha diversity, as measured by the Chao1, Ace, Shannon, and Simpson indices ( Figure 9 A–D; p < 0.05).

In addition, slightly significant correlations were found between OT ( r = 0.196, p < 0.05; r = 0.182, p < 0.05; r = 0.140, p < 0.05, respectively) and OD ( r = 0.191, p < 0.05; r = 0.205, p < 0.05; r = 0.264, p < 0.01), versus the attention, language, and visuospatial/executive subscores of cognitive abilities ( Figure 4 ).

We also evaluated excess significance bias, potentially arising from publication bias or selective reporting, using a chi-square test to compare the observed number of studies with nominally significant results ( p < 0.05) against the expected number.

The GLM results indicated that e-nutrition literacy had a strong and borderline significant main effect on positive nutrition attitudes (β = 5.588, p = 0.050), suggesting that individuals with high e-nutrition literacy scored on average 5.59 points higher in positive nutrition attitudes compared to those with lower levels.

Trained individuals exhibited a positive trend toward improvement [WMD = 6.33 kg, p = 0.05], while untrained participants showed no significant changes.

Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05, and differences were considered approaching significance between p = 0.05 and 0.10.

When examining weight loss categorically (achievement of 5% weight loss or more), however, there was a marginally significant interaction between Weighing at post and food addiction (χ 2 (1) = 3.98, p = 0.05) and significant main effects of Weighing at post (χ 2 (1) = 10, p = 0.002) and food addiction (χ 2 (1) = 4.73, p = 0.03).

It should be noted that this difference did not reach statistical significance based on the Mann-Whitney U test (U = 61; the critical value of U at p < 0.05 is 45).