Excerpts

An analogical trend was observed for tea, as tea consumption was also inversely associated with diabetes risk but with a borderline significant trend ≥4 cups/day vs. none [ 52 ].

Similarly, daily consumption of ≥4 cups (946 mL) of tea was associated with a reduction in important vascular event risk, but with a nonsignificant trend [ 30 ].

Furthermore, aHSC showed a trend toward an increase in non-mitochondrial respiration, which was significantly different from FCX-treated aHSC.

152.4 ± 58.9 g·day −1 in the EN-INM subgroup; p = 0.65 ), except for a slight trend toward better delivery during the first days of EN (see Table S3 ), whereas no difference was shown regarding the mean amount of delivered lipids (41.7 ± 17.1 g·day −1 in the EN subgroup vs. 43.8 ± 17.1 g·day −1 in the EN-INM subgroup; p = 0.82 ) (see Table S4 ).

Survival analysis revealed that patients who received IMN formula showed a trend toward better 28-day survival ( Figure 3 ).

Nevertheless, the association of serum Mg concentration with the risk of HTN was marginally significant (RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.02) ( Table 4 ) [ 111 ].

Higher scores on Fib-4 were associated with higher serum vitamin B12 concentration at baseline (29 pmol/L, CI: 20, 38), however, with a near-significant negative time trend (−3.7, CI: −8.3, 0.9).

Substance use patterns were, for the most part, not significantly associated with vitamin B12 levels, although there was a near-significant trend between frequent use of stimulants and lower vitamin B12 concentration.

Milajerdi et al., while evaluating 29 prospective and nested case–control studies, found a marginally significant positive association between 25(OH)D deficiency and GDM risk, but excluding one study with an unusual weight, pregnant women with 25(OH)D <20 ng/mL had a 26% greater risk of GDM [OR 1.26 (95% CI 1.13–1.41)] [ 73 ].

The results suggest that over one-third of Chinese women aged 18–49 are overweight or obese, and showed an increasing trend during the past decade.

In recent years, an increasing trend in VD prescription and consumption was observed in the Italian general population leading to the possible risk of inappropriate use of VD for the management of clinical conditions outside skeletal fragility-associated disease.

Dietary-fiber-containing products had no significant effect on Escherichia / Shigella or ETEC proportions in the luminal phase ( Figure 8 A,C,E), but a decreasing trend in ETEC levels (1.7-fold lower) with yeast cell walls was observed ( Figure 8 A).

A decreasing trend in the protein intake was detected over the month, although without any significant differences.

Although fiber and wholemeal bread intake showed an increasing trend over the three months, no significant differences were found ( Table 4 ).

An American cross-sectional study [ 8 ] showed a trend of eating late in free-living adults, with less than 25% of daily energy consumed before noon and over 35% after 6 p.m.

EI% of the morning snack, afternoon snack and evening snack all showed an increasing trend over time.

Lunch EI% in the urban group showed a decreasing trend over time.

Compared to the INU polysaccharide control (71.05 ± 1.08 μmol/mL), a highly significant increase in total SCFA production occurred in the seaweed-containing ferments, most notably in E. radiata PS (227.53 ± 5.39 μmol/mL), U. ohnoi WH (208.68 ± 19.08 μmol/mL), E. radiata PP (183.73 ± 20.06 μmol/mL), and U. ohnoi PS (182.91 ± 3.47 μmol/mL).

This was confirmed by logistic regression analysis showing reduced risk for hypovitaminosis D among women with milk intake > 2 times weekly, although borderline significant.

Use of nutrient supplements in the general population is also growing [ 14 ], with data collected in the United States and Australia indicating an increasing trend over time [ 15 , 16 ], while their use in Europe varies significantly between countries [ 17 ].

Conclusions It can be concluded that even a short-term administration of lipid emulsions containing higher n-3:n-6 PUFA ratio results in increased plasmatic level of n-3 PUFAs in triacylglycerols of borderline significance, significantly increase in EPA levels in plasma fosfolipids, and significantly increase in DHA plasma levels in triacylglycerols.

In the present study, two-week administration of lipid emulsion with an increased amount of n-3 PUFA leads to increased plasmatic level of n-3 PUFA in triacylglycerols, with borderline significance, which could be explained by the minor differences in the n-3:n-6 ratios in applied emulsion.

The results were considered significant at * p < 0.05, very significant at ** p < 0.01 or highly significant at *** p < 0.001. 3.

We observed a little significant change in the White SS group at D2-36 weeks.

There is a study that aimed to evaluate the dietary intake of fish and v-3 fatty acids in children, where they proved by a linear regression model the relations between serum ALT and long-chain ω-3 fatty acid intake that tended toward significance by adding factors including demographic, anthropometric, and dietary variables [ 39 ].