Excerpts

Conversely, a ‘Western’ dietary pattern showed a trend to increasing risk of depression, with a lack of power being thought to be the reason significance was not reached [ 38 ].

As expected, the pH values of the CY group showed a decreasing trend during the whole fermentation process, and the same trend could be observed in CYPs and taxifolin, indicating that CYPs and taxifolin could also function independently of yam.

A decreasing trend of weekly fish and legume consumption between the different FN levels was also observed: among higher neophobic children, only 19.2% and 51.9% consumed were, respectively, legumes more than once a week and fish at least 2–3 times per week, contrary to 92.9% and 71.4%, respectively, for legume and fish consumption in their neophiliac counterparts, showing an adequate intake ( Figure 4 ).

Body weight changes showed a trend towards better weight maintenance at T1 and T2 in the IG compared to the CG; however, these changes did not reach statistical significance.

A significant trend in the association of dietary l -arginine and serum NOx, observed across quartiles of l -arginine intakes, may also consider as a dose-response effect; the trend of l -arginine-NOx association was only significant in overweight and obese compared to normal weight subjects.

There was an increasing trend in blood pressure, AIP, prevalent diabetes, HTN and CVD across increasing BMI ( p for all < 0.05). 4.

When the analysis was stratified by BMI categories, l -arginine intakes were strongly associated with serum NOx levels in overweight and obese subjects who were in the upper quartile (β = 7.6, 95% CI = 4.2, 11.0 and β = 8.1, 95% CI = 5.6, 14.0, in overweight and obese subjects, respectively); a borderline significant association was observed between l -arginine intake and serum NOx concentrations in young adults and normal weight subjects.

In all cases, these effects are highly significant.

Interestingly, emerging from the preliminary data of small prospective trials [ 103 , 104 ] is the antiemetic effect of protein-rich meals, which seems to determine a significant trend towards reducing CINV, both alone and in combination with ginger.

The data shows a clear trend of decreasing UVB availability on moving from South to North within Europe, which would be predicted by the increasing SZA as one moves from ~35° N to ~69° N.

The weaned piglets treated with microencapsulated LR-LFCA showed a trend of increased triglyceride content ( Table S8 ).

The oldest age group (55–70 years) had lower odds for consuming water than the younger participants (18–34 years) and there was a significant trend for less water consumption with increasing age.

Burden of Gastric Cancer Being Attributed to High Sodium Intake Separated by Age and Gender Age-specific numbers of death and DALYs for gastric cancer being attributed to high sodium intake for both males and females demonstrated an increasing trend with age ( p trend < 0.05).

The exclusion of the latter study reduced the borderline significance, while excluding the former in which 28 hypertriglyceridemic and 14 healthy individuals were included, the significance of the 8-h response changed, favoring MUFA meals.

The application of enteral nutrition can reverse the loss of gut mucosal integrity resulting from surgical trauma [ 16 ], and early enteral nutrition support is associated with a decreased infection risk, a reduced hospital stay, and a clear trend of a reduction in anastomotic breakdown [ 17 , 18 ].

The aspecific transport is gradient-dependent and may be significant in the use of high oral doses (0.5–1 mg), with a good efficacy also in persons with limited capacity for active absorption, such as in cases of pernicious anemia or gastric atrophy [ 70 , 71 ].

Intake of proteins, fats, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin C, calcium, phosphorus, potassium, and energy from proteins and fats displayed a decreasing trend with longer breastfeeding duration (all p for trend < 0.05).

In the same study, there was an observed trend of lower levels of dietary restraint and disinhibition in later years of study than freshman year [ 17 ].

Moreover, the mean value of sIgA in breast milk is higher in treated mothers, although it did not quite reach statistical significance ( Figure 3 A).

Our study does report that β-carotene concentrations in donor milk were less than one-third of those in fresh breast milk, and our p -value of 0.13, which approaches statistical significance, may be more likely due to the limited power of our study.

Still, it is to be noted that the relationship between BMI and serum FER was only marginally significant and that the number of cases with iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia within both groups were relatively small.

A very recent systematic literature review of prospective studies on CF intake and risk of esophageal and gastric cancers revealed only a marginally significant decreased risk of esophageal cancer and reported no significant inverse association for gastric cardia cancer, but data are still limited [ 279 ].

Significant differences were assumed at p < 0.05 and highly significant differences were assumed at p < 0.01. 3.

A nonsignificant trend for omnivores to produce higher peak torque is observed, however.

RSV-treated hearts (D8_RSV group) showed a trend towards an enhancement of anti-inflammatory CD163 pos macrophages with a parallel partial reduction of pro-inflammatory CD40 pos cells ( Figure 8 a,b), leading to a significant reduction (approximately −50%) in the CD40 pos /CD163 pos macrophage ratio observed in D8 hearts ( Figure 8 c). 3.2.4.