Excerpts

In the case of AE less than 9%, the compressive strength increased with AE, and when it was more than 12%, the compressive strength showed a decreasing trend.

The GPM specimens displayed an overall trend of growing and subsequently reducing mass change during the seawater immersion phase, as shown in Table 8 and Table 9 .

The initial compressive strength of GPM showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing with the increase in AE.

It can be concluded that the absence of a clear trend was due to the random formation of build-up edge independently from the texture design.

As shown in Figure 6 , the addition of SBS to the modified asphalt binders containing 6% processed oil resulted in a decreasing trend in G* sin δ values, with decreases of 67%, 62%, and 44% for SBS contents of 5%, 10%, and 15%, respectively.

With the increase of the distance away from the fracture surface, the density and size of cracks and cavities in the specimen show a decreasing trend ( Figure 5 a).

For the surface of the NdFeB samples sawed by four groups of different feed speeds, the PV values are the smallest when v f = 1.8 m/s, and the PV values of each group universally show an increasing trend as the wire speed decreases.

The fluctuations in the data are due to variability among the samples rather than the impact of the mechanical deformation of the experiments as a definite trend is not observed.

Conversely, the volume expansion rate of the RM–CaO stabilized soil showed an increasing trend with the cycle number.

It can be seen from ANOVA that the effect of straw fiber filling amount and pretreatment method on tensile strength and tensile modulus is extremely significant, indicating that straw fiber filling amount and pretreatment method have an evident influence on tensile properties.

The UCS of the stabilized soil showed a decreasing trend as the cycle number increased.

With the decrease in RM content, the UCS showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing, and the maximum 7-day UCS was obtained when the RM content was 30%, while the maximum 14-day and 28-day UCS were obtained when the RM content was 20%.

(4) The cryogenic impact toughness of the medium-carbon spring steel shows an increasing trend with an increasing nickel content due to the refinement of the sub-microstructure of martensite (including packet and block) and the increase in the proportion of HAGBs, which shifts the brittle temperature zone to lower temperatures.

Moreover, as the nickel content increased from 0 wt.% to 1 wt.%, the M s temperature reduced from 345 °C to 318 °C, aligning well with the empirical calculation formula included in the relevant literature [ 19 ]. (1) M s = 492 − 125 x C(wt.%) − 65.5 x Mn(wt.%) − 10 x Cr(wt.%) − 29 x Ni(wt.%), °C Nickel can enlarge the γ phase region in the Fe-C phase diagram, and the Ac 3 temperatures of the tested steel exhibited a decreasing trend with an increasing nickel content, which is consistent with the related literature [ 16 , 20 ].

As shown in Figure 21 , the UCS exhibited an increasing trend with incremental additions of cement and SDA up to optimum amendment dosages of 6% by dry weight.

The liquid limit in Figure 11 shows a decreasing trend with increasing cement and sawdust ash (SDA) percentages in all mix combinations.

It can be seen that with an increase in residence time, the static friction force and dynamic friction force show an increasing trend, but the growth rate slowed down and became stable after the 5-day dwell period, which had the same characteristics as the theoretical prediction carried out by Kato [ 30 ].

The surface roughness: There is a clear trend that EMS treatment (A2, A3, A4) reduced the roughness increase due to corrosion compared to the untreated sample (A1).

At higher Cu contents, the lattice constant shows a decreasing trend.

When the content of Re increased from 2 to 4 wt.%, the hardnesses of the samples showed an increasing trend, but the increase was not significant.

It can be seen from Figure 6 a–d that the number of BPDs exhibited a decreasing trend, indicating that the adopted measures in the experiments effectively reduced the BPD density.

At 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days, the compressive strength of M-0, M-5, M-10, and M-15 showed a gradual increasing trend, while that of M-15 and M-20 showed a decreasing trend.

Overall, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength showed a decreasing trend as the T p increased.

A notable trend indicated in the graph is that as the straightening temperature increased, both the maximum and minimum residual curvatures Cc+/Cc− increased, resulting in a wider residual curvature interval.

The adjustment of the second-degree polynomial model was carried out through ANOVA, with a high F-value and low p -value ( p < 0.005), suggesting that the coefficients were highly significant, demonstrating that the developed model provided the best fit [ 99 ].