Excerpts

In general, the relative abundance of Methanobrevibacter in the four groups showed a decreasing trend.

It can be assumed that undergraduate teaching in gerodontology and the associated insights and contacts with older people may be factors supporting a positive trend in the student perceptions of age and ageing.

From 2006 to 2020, the overall injury and poisoning mortality rates in China showed a decreasing trend, and the mortality rates decreased faster in women than in men and in rural areas than in urban areas.

Rural men and rural women showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing mortality rates, with the turning points occurring in 2012 and 2008, respectively.

The cohort from 1929 to 2013 showed an overall trend of increasing and then decreasing.

In terms of items, in addition to air purification, the regulatory products all showed an upward trend, while the value of air purification showed a decreasing trend.

The conversion efficiency of Wenzhou also showed a trend of the annual growth trend.

Amongst the girls’ stratification, near statistical significance was seen for some individual markers of the traffic indices; however, no significance was found overall for the three traffic indices A likely dose–response relationship for traffic density exists for those children residing within the 5th quintile of traffic density (113 VMT/day/m 3 ) as there was a 21% higher repeated hospital admission recorded, HR 1.21 95% CL 0.99–1.49.

Borderline significance was seen with the traffic index “total arterial road and freeway length within 300 m of residence” and for the whole study population with greater than or equal to 750 m.

The spatial distribution of the total concentration at each site demonstrated a decreasing trend from the southeastern area upstream adjoining the main counties to the northwestern area downstream, indicating that human activities have a great impact.

Among the group of 200 respondents, these are quite significant differences, taking into account the 6-month period.

Moreover, the coefficients of Govexp 2 and Govsize 2 are both negative and either highly significant or marginally significant.

The figure shows an increasing trend in life satisfaction.

Subgroup analysis by publication year showed a higher effect size for studies published before 2012 than those published after 2012, indicating a decreasing trend in overall effect sizes for studies in the last decade; this trend needed to be verified by more evidence.

As per rectal cancer, a previous study discovered that there was an increased risk with borderline significance [ 12 ].

However, forest, grassland, and water area show a decreasing trend.

Similarly, Munawar, Khan [ 25 ] calculated an 80% reduction in public transit use in Australia; thus, the transport system encountered an exceptional transformation in a short period, with a positive trend for cycling and car use and a negative trend for transit use.

Thus, a decreasing trend (i.e., negative association) was observed from mid-June to mid-October due to relaxed lockdown measures and the manageable state of the pandemic.

While public transit trips also showed an increasing trend, this remained at a level well below the baseline situation due to a higher risk of COVID-19 infection and a lower possibility to maintain social distancing.

Some of the trajectories indicated a decreasing trend in the number of night shifts over time.

Concerning the average LOS, a decreasing trend was observed up to 2014 (7.8 days), followed by an increase up to a quite steady trend in the last years (8.3 days in 2018) ( Figure 4 ).

In particular, the main discharge diagnoses due to endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases, and immunity disorders showed an increasing trend from 2009 (7.2%) to 2013 (11.7%), followed by a steady trend until 2016 and a decrease until the end of the study period, with percentages ranging between 11.3% and 13.8% ( Figure 5 a).

From 2005 to 2012, there was an increasing trend in uptake of HIV testing among men from 28% in 2005, 43% in 2008, and 59% in 2012 [ 28 ], albeit HIV prevalence also increased across those years in the same population.

The high-value of Cu in surface water was located in the eastern part of the study area and showed a decreasing trend from east to west.

In this study, the analyses of EMG and AMS showed a decreasing trend of muscle activities for the lumbar muscle (ES) and lower extremity muscles (RF, BF, and TA) and an increasing trend of the upper extremity (BB) associated with wearing the exoskeleton.