Excerpts

On the one hand, residents living in high-altitude areas have a risk of an apnea–hypopnea index and changed sleep structure [ 42 , 43 ], which may cause poor sleep in older adults; further, a study indicated that poor sleep directly affected individuals’ mood and emotion [ 44 ], which may be significant contributors to the development of depression.

In the context of China, certification or endorsement from governments may reduce the information asymmetry substantially and is quite significant in the acquisition of external finance.

Noteworthy, the age-standardized prevalence rate of asthma showed an increasing trend in two countries, namely the United States of America and Saudi Arabia.

Females thought that the attractive body image preferred by the other sex was thinner than that chosen by males, and the comparison was almost significant.

[ 22 ] identified 1033 CpG sites in T lymphocytes with highly significant changes in DNA methylation levels among SLE patients (n = 49) compared to healthy controls (n = 58).

This study found an increasing trend of SSc-ASMR in women from 1981 to 1999, followed by a reduction from 1999 to 2020, according to UCD and MCD data.

In other words, digital addiction “suggest[s] an increasing trend of compulsive behavior amongst users of technological devices, recognizing that over-exposure to and over-use of technology can result in a dependence on digital devices, leading to behavioral symptoms similar to any addictive disorder” [ 4 ] (p. 18).

As the level of nonfarm employment of rural households increased, they spent most of their labor time and capital on other non-agricultural activities, resulting in a decreasing trend of their labor and capital inputs in agricultural production. 3.3.

It presents a clear trend for countries worldwide to promote source domestic waste classification (DWC), which is an essential way to realize separated waste for tailored safe disposal, resource recovery, and to reduce the total cost of waste disposal for the whole society [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].

However, whether this trend is practically significant is questionable, and particularly concerning is the limited change from 2019 to 2020 after the federal T21 went into effect.

We found a borderline significant decline in the number of repetitions of the 30 s CST from T1 to T2, while at T3 patients improved compared to preoperative and T2 values.

According to the results of hot–cold spot analysis, the hot spot areas showed a trend of shrinking–transferring–diffusing during three periods (1999–2006, 2006–2014, and 2014–2019), and Weiyang District in northwest Xi’an showed an obvious trend of cold to hot in the past 20 years ( Figure 4 ).

Additionally, the scores for the cooling effect of green space (1.90–3.72) and water (1.79–3.60) showed an increasing trend.

It was found that the proportions of HTA and SHTA in Beilin, Lianhu, Xincheng, Baqiao, and Yanta Districts showed a decreasing trend, which was directly reflected by the optimistic attitude of most respondents to the cooling effect of urban parks.

The GTFP shows an overall trend of shifting to the left during 2011–2020, demonstrating that the spatial dispersion of the GTFP converges to be obvious in 2011 and 2020.

Finally, healthcare systems are resource scarce environments and thus there may be significant pressure to label someone ‘low risk’ if the decision is to discharge them. 4.3.

From 2015 to 2021, the inter-annual variation of PM2.5 concentrations in the YRB demonstrates a decreasing trend, from 60 μg/m 3 in 2015 to 38 μg/m 3 in 2021.

The inter-month variation of PM2.5 concentrations shows a sinusoidal pattern from 2015 to 2021, with a decreasing trend from January to May, a stable period from June to August, and an increasing trend from September to December.

As can be seen in Figure 1 , the energy consumption for all sectors shows an increasing trend until 2050, and the industry and power sectors have the most significant increments, 130 and 124 Mtce.

The impact of LNUI on LNNTU showed a trend of first rising and then stabilizing.

The move toward decentralized technologies such as blockchain [ 11 ] has become an important trend that has the ability to create a novel groundwork for reducing the above-discussed challenging issues and encouraging the more general adoption of a patient-centric system.

Based on the analysis of related practices, it can be found that there is a clear trend when exploring BCI games in different application areas.

The p -value of the hyperactivity/impulsivity index is 0.066, which may indicate a marginally significant change.

Conversely, it indicates that NPP shows a decreasing trend [ 36 ]. 2.6.

The increase in temperature and precipitation has led to an increasing trend of regional NPP, and the impact of precipitation on NPP was more significant than that of temperature.