Excerpts

Red Rubin , a group of amino acids composed of Glu, Lys, Phe, Pro, and Val showed an increasing trend in response to the treatments applied with respect to non-inoculated controls.

Aquatic plant biodiversity showed a decreasing trend, which may reduce the freshwater ecosystem function, and anthropogenic activities accounted for these changes.

The results indicate that with increasing coverage of the two plants, a negative trend appeared for the three α-species aquatic plant diversity indices regardless of the different years, and in some sampling plots, an invasive plant sometimes created a mono-species community.

Differences at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 were considered significant and highly significant, respectively.

(2015) reported an overall trend that AM fungal spore density was higher in heavy metal-contaminated soils than in noncontaminated soils.

Even if there was less significant yield (+ 51.7% yield under controlled conditions, + 4.1% under field conditions), our results under field conditions are in accordance with those obtained under greenhouse conditions: VNT4 enhanced yield and NUE, whereas there is a strong trend to export more N in grains.

Although there was a clear trend of decreasing fruit yield with exposure to moderate salinity (50 mM NaCl), especially in “MM” and “MA,” there were no significant differences in yield between the control and salt conditions in any genotype. “MA” had the highest fruit yield because it had the highest fruit weight, which was only significantly affected by salinity at the third truss.

The CRK release showed a trend of slow, fast, and then slow.

Interestingly, most micronutrients tested (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu) demonstrated a clear trend of preferential accumulation in the root, with lower transport to- and accumulation in shoot organs ( Figures 5A–D ).

The average h 2 difference between strategy with and without spatial adjustment was always large and highly significant.

Conclusion for Hypothesis 3 Based on the available evidence the results do not indicate that the occurrence of off-target effects shows an obvious trend in relation to the GC-content of the protospacer sequence.

The vegetation of northern catchment II improved, but some areas showed a trend of vegetation degradation, especially around residential areas on the Guanzhong Plain due to human activity.

The RWC for TT was always lower than that for PS and this difference was highly significant for R. pseudoacacia .

With an overall trend of hypomethylation during cold treatment, the analysis was focused on down-up genes (DNA methylation decreased and the expression increased) in M/C and S/C, which were annotated as members of 203 and 199 terms, and the significantly enriched GO terms were 29 and 38 ( p < 0.05), respectively.

Phenotypic Variation in Common Garden Overall phenotypic differentiation between plants originating from alpine and foothill environment remained highly significant even under two generations of cultivation in a common garden (a subset of 16 populations from four regions; Table 1 , Figures 2E,F ).

This is evident from the fact that graph for the area of convex-hull as a function of time oscillates randomly instead of following an increasing trend.

The magnitudes and directions of allelic effects at Rf9 and SNP loci IWB72413 (4.3 cM) and IWB1550 (4.7 cM) showed a highly significant effect for seed set ( Figure 3A ) and number of sterile spikelets per spike ( Figure 3B ), with the favorable allele derived from Gerek 79.

However, together with significant reductions in Mn +2 and K + contents (while only Mg +2 content displayed a slightly significant decrease in TR43477), Ispir roots displayed a distinct pattern ( Figure 7A ).

Plants tested 24 h after the last COS-OGA elicitation showed a highly significant increase in peroxidase activity (up to 320%) as compared to controls ( Figure 7 ).

An overall trend of lower stress-induced PCD levels were observed with proline treatments from 1–5 μM, and significant reductions ( p < 0.05) were noted with 1 μM and 5 μM compared to the BG11 control ( Supplementary Table 4 ).

The light compensation point (Ic) showed a decreasing trend with the nutrient enrichment, reaching, however, a plateau at NL4 with no significantly different value at NL5.

Additionally, the PNS content in root significantly decreased with the increase of the N/K value both in the field and pot culture experiments, and all the correlations (except in the Qiubei field experiment) reached significant or highly significant levels ( Figures 6C,D ).

Insoluble PA, which exhibited markedly lower levels than soluble PA, showed a trend of continuous decline except for a transient increase from 10 to 15 WAB; it reached its peak level (0.712 mg/g) at 15 WAB and lowest level (0.473 mg/g) at 25 WAB ( Figure 1C ).

In contrast to soil urease and invertase, acid phosphatase activities showed a decreasing trend with increasing N rate.

The available N content showed an increasing trend with increasing N rate, with the exception of the N FT treatment.