Excerpts

On large-scale, linear regressions suggest an increasing trend in TCC along the length of the hose for both top (R 2 = 0.36) and bottom (R 2 = 0.17).

On large-scale, ordination by non-metric multidimensional scaling, based on the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity, showed a clear trend in sample clustering in the control hose ( Supplementary Figure S4A ).

The implication is that Mycoplasma species are involved in malignancies (reviewed in Vande Voorde et al., 2014 ) and the interaction between EF-Tu and CD21 may be significant in this regard.

These findings suggest that CDI systems may be significant players in A. baumannii.

The current results show a decreasing trend with age of these three genera – Corynebacterium , Kocuria , and Propionibacterium – which can indicate that bacterial communities in mature female fish have less capacity to produce organic fatty acids, vitamins and microbial inhibitors.

At the corresponding time points, the level of infection, viral titer, and replication of TGEV on IPEC-J2 cells showed an increasing trend.

oeni strains had a highly significant hit with EstB28 gene ( WP_011677767.1 , alpha/beta hydrolase) from Oenococcus oeni PSU-1 strain.

The compounds targeted could be divided into four groups, based on the temporal change of their profiles, namely (i) an off-phase evolution (in the case of sucrose versus the monosaccharides glucose and fructose), (ii) a rising trend, (iii) a decreasing trend, and (iv) a relatively stable concentration along the fermentations ( Figure 7 and Supplementary Figure S6A ).

The drug-resistant strain 2 had the strongest biofilm formation ability, followed by the drug-resistant strain 3, and the difference was highly significant when compared with the negative control group.

The increase in the IL-17C gene was markedly significant among the four IL-17-related cytokines.

The majority of dominant taxa such as Proteobacteria (especially Beta - and Gamma-proteobacteria ), Bacteroidetes , Gemmatimonadetes , and Firmicutes show higher relative abundance in soils with lower carbon or nitrogen contents, while abundance of Actinobacteria shows a negative trend ( Burns et al., 2015 ).

Resistance of Gram-positive bacteria is generally stable or even decreasing in Europe, whereas resistance to Gram-negative bacteria (such as Enterobacterales ) has an increasing trend in several European countries ( EARS-Net, 2018 ).

This may be significant since the immune response would be expected to play a major role in clearance of microbes from the airways, and therefore exerts a selective pressure on the microbial community.

An interesting trend was observed in the transition of microbial contaminants from the hide (BH) to the carcase groups (BC1, BC2, and BC3) in abattoir B, which was not observed in abattoir A.

We note also that the overlap between the ArcZ and Fur regulons was nearly significant ( P adj = 0.069).

Abstract Antimicrobial resistance against enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), an emerging food-borne pathogen, has been observed in an increasing trend recently.

Our study demonstrates an increasing trend in MDR and ESBL-producing E. coli and this correlated with β-lactam antibiotic usage for treatment of these animals.

Concerning PH, even though exhibiting different heights in the control situation, lower in Duilio and higher in Marco Aurelio, both cultivars showed a similar positive influence from biochar treatment; indeed, the height increases resulting from B1− in a sharper fashion ( p < 0.003 in V1 and p < 0.004 in V2) and B2− in a stronger fashion ( p < 0.000 in both V1 and V2) were highly significant ( Figure 4 , black bars).

Since SAM is essential for many cellular transmethylation reactions (e.g., epigenetic regulation) ( Strauss and Reyes-Dominguez, 2011 ), and SAH may be an inhibitor of cellular methyltransferases ( Burgos et al., 2012 ), there may be significant antifungal drug target potential associated with the overproduction of BmGT or inhibition of GliK activity- both of which may cause SAM dissipation.

Analysis of the GC content from metagenomic reads showed a trend, independently of the depth, toward a GC of ca . 41% 14 h post-confinement ( Supplementary Table S1 ), value previously found for the winter samples ( Haro-Moreno et al., 2018 ).

These homologies were barely significant with the 10 best hits, identity percentages in amino acids varying between 24.7 and 23.9%, query coverages between 24 and 25%, and e-values ranging between 2e-15 and 3e-15 ( Supplementary File S1 ).

coli 1320 that carried both bla NDM– 5 and mcr-1 displayed a highly significant synergistic response to this combination across the range of drug concentrations tested, with a clear peak at 0.5 mg/L tigecycline and 1 or 2 mg/L colistin ( Figure 2A ).

Linezolid monotherapy resulted in uniform and highly significant reductions of MRSA densities in all the target tissues of mice infected with cfr -negative MRSA isolates 161400 and HYXC4.

Butyrate was the most susceptible SCFA in intestinal microecology of premature infants and showed a trend of fluctuation.

The diversity of gut microbiota in premature infants of BM group showed an increasing trend, while the diversity of gut microbiota in FM group premature infants was almost unchanged, which was not completely consistent with the previous research results ( Cong et al., 2017 ).