Excerpts

With respect to life style, univariate analysis showed a trend towards lower diabetes prevalence among those who engaged in physical activity, and there were lower rates of diabetes among those who currently smoked or consumed alcohol on a regular basis.

No significant difference was apparent using reader I’s findings.

As anticipated, the GRS is a highly significant predictor of body weight measures in all models constructed from the SP sample.

However, a nonsignificant trend towards a protective benefit was identified on the highest percentiles of abdominal adiposity.

Additional analyses (data not shown) using each country as reference category in turn indicated that, across both categories of intervention strategies, Portuguese adolescents gave higher acceptance scores than Polish adolescents (although the difference for strategies promoting healthy eating was only marginally significant), and that Polish adolescents gave higher acceptance scores than Dutch and UK adolescents.

At the end of the hospitalization period, any beneficial effect of the supplementation was observed on body composition but after 9 weeks home supplementation, the change in body composition was highly significant from baseline (+11 % body mass).

The association was highly significant in both groups (Table 2 ).

Although Turkey produces and exports fruit and vegetable the consumption of fruit and vegetable shows a decreasing trend [ 36 ] and dietary patterns differ substantially between regions and income groups.

no pmc-prop-is-real-version no pmc-prop-is-scanned-article no pmc-prop-preprint no pmc-prop-in-epmc yes pmc-license-ref CC BY issue-copyright-statement © The Author(s) 2016 Background South Africa has experienced an acceleration in the reduction of child mortality since 2006 [ 1 ] and a reversal of an increasing trend in maternal mortality ratios [ 2 ].

Since SHS contains several thousand toxins and many carcinogens [ 2 ], the hazards associated with this exposure are likely to be significant.

A comparison of the injury rates in clusters 5 and 6 shows that the difference between the two groups is barely significant.

Although similar associations were apparent for diet they just failed to reach significance (Table 3 ).

Recent studies have shown a decreasing trend in N. gonorrhoeae infections but an increase in C. trachomatis notification rates over the last decade in Europe has been observed [ 1 ].

Furthermore, there was a clear trend with increasing blood pressure, BMI, and waist measure with increasing resting heart rate.

In Model 4, for men, we also found that alters who accepted IPV and lived in the same household were highly significant predictors of mens’ IPV norms.

Among obese males and females, those who had experienced weight control failure showed a trend towards a greater magnitude of suicidal ideation if they were of low, but not high, income status.

Similar to males, overall female suicide rates showed a decreasing trend from 56.5 per million in 2000 to 41.1 per million in 2007.

There was statistical evidence of a decreasing trend in suicides from all methods until 2006 in men aged <35 years (APC −6.2, 95 % CI −7.9 to −4.5) and an increasing trend in middle aged men (men aged 35–64 years) from 2007 onwards (APC 3.0, 95 % CI 1.7 to 4.4).

After additional adjustment for education, work status, physical activity at work, BMI and smoking, significant associations with physical activity in leisure time were no longer seen in the total data set, although categorical and linear effects nearly reached significance in men (Table 2 ).

In the present study, while a majority of participants perceived that family, a partner and friends would be supportive of their making a quit attempt, nevertheless quite significant proportions also reported either that such people would be unsupportive of a quit attempt or that they were uncertain of their support (family 18 %; partner 29 % and friends 32 %), indicating a need for further research to explore their potential to play a role in smoking cessation interventions for this group.

When these single predictors were included into the same model, only sedentary time per day remained statistically significantly associated and number of steps per day remained nearly significant.

1e , there has been an increasing trend of published articles from other countries.

This association was however only borderline significant among men in the crude model.

Our data suggested that the AST/ALT ratio and MCV had borderline significance in predicting hazardous drinking.

The aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ratio and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) were weakly significant.