Interestingly, a previous GWAS of bipolar disorder in Norwegian individuals followed by replication in Icelandic samples also found nominally significant ( P < 0.05) markers located in this gene area 39 .
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Variants with FDR < 0.05 in at least one source were confirmed as nominally significant ( p < 0.05) with consistent effect direction in the other available data sources.
Post hoc contrasts revealed that REM theta energy shows a negative statistical trend with the response of the anterior–superior hypothalamus (t = −1.81; p = 0.07) and a positive nominally significant association with the response of the posterior hypothalamus (t = 1.90; p = 0.05; Figure 2 A,B).
The MR‐Egger test showed a nominally significant causal effect ( P <0.05) of CHD on a lower level of mtDNA CN (β=−0.030 [95% CI, −0.055 to −0.0045]; P =0.029) (Table S7 ).
In addition, six of the 10 most significantly associated genes are known EE genes, and the majority of the known EE genes (17 out of 25) originally implicated in trio sequencing are nominally significant (p<0.05), a proportion significantly higher than the expected (Fisher’s exact p = 2.33×10 −17 ).
Although citrulline concentrations and the arginine-to-ornithine ratio showed nominally significant between-group differences, neither remained significant after correction for multiple testing (both FDR-adjusted p = 0.051).
Additionally, all sites remained nominally significant in our mixed effects model in which we controlled for age, sex, and the first 4 principal components ( Table S3 ), with the exception of GOLGA3 (unadjusted P = .052).
In addition, we observed a nominally significant (p = 0.052) decrease in the level of G2 IgG glycans in children with DS compared to healthy children ( Fig. 3 a and Supplementary Table S15 ).
However, a total of six SNPs (rs4894559, rs1001793, rs3924519, rs11779484, rs4460370 and rs9314261) showed nominally significant association in different genetics models, and rs4872077 showed a marked trend under a recessive model (p = 0.052) as shown in Table 1 , hence, these seven SNPs could not be completely dismissed.
Sample 2 Significant differences in KLF11 DNA methylation were observed between MDD patients with and without anxious depression at CpG site 1 ( p = 0.041) and, on a nominally significant level, with regard to average methylation ( p = 0.052) and methylation at CpG sites 2–4 ( p = 0.053-0.081; see Table 3 ; Fig. 3 ), with patients with non-anxious depression showing decreased KLF11 methylation.
The association is nominally significant ( P = 0.053) within females, with the minor allele A increasing DBP by +6.28 mmHg for female carriers (AG) versus female non-carriers (GG).
Results In all participants studied, the exposure to violence was significant and negatively correlated with DNA methylation of MST1R loci (p = 0.032; r = -0.971) and nominally significant with NR3C1 loci (p = 0.053; r = -0.948).
A panel of all the nominally significant P -value SNPs in the top candidate genes discovered by CFG ( n =135 genes, 713 SNPs) was used to generate a genetic risk prediction score (GRPS), which showed a trend towards significance ( P =0.053) in separating alcohol dependent individuals from controls in an independent German test cohort.
In analyses predicting diagnostic status, the silent functional class and the nonsense were significantly associated with diagnostic status (corrected sum scores p = .006 and p = .018, respectively), with nominally significant findings in the missense class (combined corrected p = .054).
No associations remained significant with biological age, but the association with NK cells was nominally significant ( p = 5.42 × 10 −2 ). 4 DISCUSSION We conducted a comprehensive analysis of biological aging in Hispanics by building two established blood‐based epigenetic clocks of aging and testing associations with antemortem AD biomarkers, as well as validating these findings in the ROS/MAP cohort with postmortem brain measures.
The associations of cheiroarthropathy with neuropathy remained significant in a multivariable model adjusting for the other significant risk factors, whereas the association with retinopathy remained nominally significant ( P = 0.0547).
In accordance with these results, we observed that Il1b transcript was significantly elevated in both LPS-WT and LPS- Lcn2 −/− brain transcriptomes with ~1.7-fold more in Lcn2 −/− brain but was nominally significant (corrected P -value=0.055).
Stratified analysis based on gender, also revealed statistically significant higher occurrence of three haplotypes ( A-A-C-C-T-C-T , A-G-T-A-C-T-C and G-A-C-C-T-C-T ) in the male probands ( P ≤ 0.005; OR > 3) and nominally significant higher occurrence of the A-G-C-C-T-C-T haplotype in the female probands ( P = 0.055; OR = 8.23) as compared to sex-matched controls (Table 3 ).
We also found a nominally significant ( p = 0.057) 2.1% decrease in methylation at one cytosine (chr17:46706661) in the Pex6 DMR.
Overall, controls made more misses, but this was nominally significant ( F misses [1, 60] = 3.77, p = .057).
TNM stage was found to influence the abundance of Fusobacterium in S1 samples (β = 0.610, 95% CI: 0.066 to 1.154, p = 2.80×10 -2 ) ( Supplementary Table 2 ), while CEA levels had a nominally significant association with the abundance of Holdemanella in S1 samples (β = -3.977, 95% CI: -8.161 to 0.20], p = 5.76×10 -2 ) ( Supplementary Table 4 ).
Interestingly, that variant, which was only border-line nominally significant in the standard marginal model ( P = 0.058), was reported to be associated with HDL, LDL, TG, and TC ( P = 7.9 × 10 −20 , P = 1.1 × 10 −34 , P = 3.5 × 10 −28 , P = 2.5 × 10 −32 , respectively) in the Willer et al. 28 study that included 188,577 individuals (Supplementary Data 5 ).
The probability of finding at least 3 nominally significant effects among 18 factors tested (see Table 1 ) by chance is only marginally higher than 5% (p = 0.058 according to Bernoulli equation 65 ).
Compared with the patients with nonelevated hsCRP levels and no ICAS, those with both elevated hsCRP levels and ICAS had increased risk of recurrent ischemic stroke after adjustment (adjusted HR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.28–5.34; p =0.008) ( Table 2 ) , and a nominally significant association with recurrent ischemic stroke was observed among patients with nonelevated hsCRP levels and with ICAS (adjusted HR, 2.03; 95% CI, 0.98–4.20; p =0.058) ( Table 2 ) .
Testosterone also showed a moderate positive correlation with aggressive behaviour but only at a nominally significant level (Spearman’s rho = 0.517, p = 0.0583).