Excerpts

Using the type of feeding behaviour (single vs multiple hosts) as a binary response variable, the final model selected by maximum likelihood included a highly significant effect of type of host (LRT: χ 2 = 52.0, df = 2, p = 5.09e-12) and a significant effect of site (LRT: χ 2 = 13.2, df = 5, p = 0.001).

These showed clear group separation in Principal Component Analysis (PCA) (and OPLS-DA, with a highly significant model (R2X(cum) = 0.629, Q2(cum) = 0.648, p = 5.5 × 10 -12 ), achieving 91% prediction accuracy and 100% specificity and an AUC value of 0.964.

One‐way ANOVA indicated highly significant differences in TPC across storage times for all extracts ( C. tamala : p = 5.60 × 10 −12 ; C. longa : p = 6.13 × 10 −25 ; Z. aramatum : p = 3.71 × 10 −45 ).

In support of their tissue of origin, ingenuity disease and function pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes between Ly6C hi TAMs or F4/80 hi TAMs versus colonic lpMFs revealed highly significant enrichment for pathways associated with gastrointestinal tract cancer and tumors (Ly6C hi TAMs: p-value = 5.6E-12, activation z score = 2.68; F4/80 hi TAMs: p-value = 1.1E-09, activation z score = 2.5) and with intestinal inflammation (Ly6C hi TAMs: p-value = 9.2E-11, activation z score = 2.38; F4/80 hi TAMs: p-value = 8.3E-07, activation z score = 2.68; Table S3).

The correlation between the proliferation rates predicted by these models and those measured experimentally is highly significant (Spearman R = 0.44, p-value = 5.87e-12, Figure 2A–B , Supplementary file 1C and Supplementary file 2B ).

The search for variants associated with ER status showed only one region with a highly significant association, corresponding to FGFR2 (best p-value for rs3135718 p-value=6.0×10 −12 , Figure 1 and Supplementary Figure S1 ).

The composite score of 7 transcripts was highly significant between groups (p = 6.02 × 10 −12 ), and a simple linear prediction model yielded a receiver-operator curve (ROC, via JROCFIT [ 23 ]) with a C-statistic of 0.873, sensitivity of 77.4%, specificity of 83.7% and overall accuracy of 80.2%, with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 85.4% and negative predictive value (NPV) of 75.0% (Fig. 4 , Lower Right Panel).

The difference in GC% between genes with decreased TE in ATRA and insensitive genes was highly significant ( p = 6.1 × 10 −12 ) and a difference in the distribution of GC% from genes with increased TE was also notable compared with the insensitive pool ( p = 5.2 × 10 −5 ; Figure 4 E).

Removing gaze content resulted in a large and highly significant degradation of model fit (Δ−2 log L = 58.36, df = 4, P = 6.4 × 10−12).

Fisher’s exact test suggested that gene expression changes between A to B and B to A category were fairly significant (Fisher’s exact test p-value = 6.502e-12).

Tukey’s HSD revealed that the difference between WT Dox (+) and G175S Dox (+) was statistically significant ( p = 3.36e-5), and there was a highly significant difference between G175S Dox (-) and G175S Dox (+) ( p = 6.635e-12).

Here, MDA-MB-231-BR CM significantly upregulated CXCL1 ( p = 0.0001) and almost significantly downregulated the TXNIP gene level ( p = 6.788 × 10 −12 ) in hBMECs in comparison to MDA-MB-231 CM.

This difference was slightly greater and still highly significant 15 weeks post-tumor initiation (Fig. 1F and Supplementary Fig. 3C ; P < 7 × 10 −12 ).

Comparing this dataset with our predictions showed a highly significant correlation (hypergeometric P -value<7 × 10 −12 ), though with precision and recall levels lower than those described above versus the kinetic RBC model ( Table I ).

This polyvariable linear regression equation, composed of weighted methylation level of three CG sites, was highly significant for the prediction of Gleason score in PCa patients ( r = 0.89, p = 7.1e − 12 ) as demonstrated in Fig. 3 a and b.

Of note, the SNP rs4810479 ( PLTP ) generated a P value of 1.51×10 −4 for HDL-C among European Americans and was highly significant among women ( P = 7.11×10 −12 ) but not men ( P = 0.12).

Importantly in an additive model with the other four drugs cannabis use is highly significant (β-estimate = 0.45 (0.32, 0.57), p = 7.24 × 10 −12 ).

The great majority of transcripts involved in fatty-acid and amino-acid metabolism were mitochondrially localized, with highly significant overlap between all three pairwise comparisons (single-test hypergeometric P -values—mitochondrion/fatty-acid metabolism overlap: P =7.4e−12; mitochondrion/valine–leucine–isoleucine degradation overlap: P =6.2e−22; fatty-acid metabolism/valine–leucine–isoleucine degradation overlap: P =3.1e−9).

The terminal child term, GO:0007156 (homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules), had 17 of 163 genes differentially methylated and was highly significant ( p = 7.49 × 10 –12 ).

Compared with the projected coordinates of southern Chinese, the mean shift toward Malays was insignificant for SG Chinese ( P = 0.31, t -test) but highly significant for Peranakan Chinese ( P = 7.5 × 10 −12 , fig. 1 D ).

Individual MMR Gene and Combined dMMR Survival Analysis A six-group log-rank analysis comparing MLH1 -mutant ( n = 18; 2 events, 11%), MSH2 -mutant ( n = 27; 1 event, 4%), MSH6 -mutant ( n = 46; 6 events, 13%), PMS2 -mutant ( n = 12; 1 event, 8%), POLE -mutant ( n = 63; 4 events, 6%), and TP53 -mutant ( n = 880; 373 events, 42%) subgroups demonstrated highly significant OS differences (log-rank p = 7.66 × 10 −12 ; Table 2 , Figure 3 ).

Milking number had a highly significant effect on concentration (F 1,219 = 52.36; p = 7.7 × 10 −12 ), reflecting the overall decline of residues over time.

In this internal validation , we found highly significant stratification of risk, including for deaths from cancer, which had an adjusted hazard ratio of 3.8 (95% confidence interval 2.59–5.57, p = 7.82 × 10 −12 ) between the lowest and highest quintile (Table 3 ).

For trait Q1, C4S4935 ( VEGFC ) explained a highly significant proportion of the variance (33.1% in family 7, p = 7.9 × 10 –12 ; 10.6% in all families combined, p = 1.1 × 10 –16 ).

A paired t test on measurements at 0.8 and 2.0 m above the ground for all PDT deployments less than 5 m from the kerbside (a working definition of ‘roadside’ for local air quality assessment (Defra 2009 )) demonstrated highly significant evidence for a difference in NO 2 concentration between the two heights ( p = 8 × 10 −12 , n = 84, Table 1 ).