Excerpts

This difference was particularly marked in the aortic arch, where 72% of aneurysms were saccular, compared to the predominance of fusiform aneurysms in other regions of the aorta, a highly significant difference ( p = 1.57 × 10 −15 ).

In addition, from the Type 2 Diabetes Knowledge Portal ( http://www.type2diabetesgenetics.org/ , last accessed on December 18, 2018), we detected nominally significant associations between the variant allele of N4BP2L1 rs497255 and BMI in the GIANT UK Biobank GWAS (p = 1.6 × 10 −15 ).

Cross-sectional association of TFMs and thyroid functional status with eGFR Table 2 shows the cross-sectional associations of various thyroid traits on eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m 2 ). For TFMs added singularly to the regression model, FT3 (pmol/L) showed a highly significant positive association with eGFR (per 1 pmol/L increase of FT3, eGFR was 2.99 mL/min/1.73 m 2 higher; P = 1.6e–15).

Upstream regulators identified in the model included a highly significant activation of the rapamacyn-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) by Meth exposure ( p = 1.68 × 10 −15 ), and disorders assigned to cancer ( p = 3.2 × 10 −11 ), organismal injuries ( p = 3.2 × 10 −11 ), endocrine system disorders ( p = 8.83 × 10 −11 ), and metabolic disease ( p = 4.3 × 10 −9 ).

Stratifying analysis showed an increasing trend of serum piR-54265 level with advancing CRC stages (Kruskal Wallis test, P = 1.70e-15; Figure 2 B ).

Our analyses showed a highly significant increase in effect size to develop childhood maltreatment across PRS quantiles in the PGC1.5 target sample, with a variance explained of r 2 = 0.0025 ( p = 1.8 × 10 −15 ).

Of these genes, 224 were differentially expressed in common among the two MR diets ( Figure 3 G), resulting in a highly significant overlap (p < 1.9 × 10 −15 , hypergeometric test).

Multiple Regression Analysis Multiple regression analysis yielded an overall highly significant result ( F = 7.97, df = 13,1154, p = 1.96 × 10 −15 , multiple R 2 = 0.082).

Indeed, we found a mild yet highly significant correlation between changes in gene expression in Chaserr –/– mEFs and the distance to the TTS of the closest tandem upstream gene (Spearman R = 0.2, P < 2 × 10 −15 ), with the effect observed mostly when the distance was shorter than ~6 kb (Fig. 4e ).

The highly significant uncertainty coefficients (adult retina: U = 0.34, p = 2 × 10 −15 ; developed organoid: U = 0.25, p = 1 × 10 −12 ) suggest correspondence between the transcriptome-based cell types and known marker-defined cell types.

Upon analyzing the overlap between differential ATAC-seq and differential MyoD binding, we observed a total overlap of 253 differential peaks, which represents a highly significant portion of total differential ATAC-seq and MyoD peaks ( P = 2e-15) (Fig. 3g ), suggesting that Matr3 depletion simultaneously perturbs open chromatin regions and MyoD binding.

The difference between the species was highly significant ( p = 2.1 × 10 −15 , t -test).

This proportion is smaller than the 11/14 match observed for the actin gene family ( Supplementary Figure S2 ), but is still highly significant ( P = 2.2 × 10 −15 , see ‘Materials and Methods’ section).

These “High DMRs” were found closer to the TSS of genes and had higher CpG density; there was a strong trend for increasing overlaps with CpG islands and shores with increasing ΔMe (χ 2 292.3 and 233.6 respectively, p < 22.e-16) with 4.5% and 27.8% of ≥0.3 DMRs overlapping CpG Islands or Shores respectively (Supplementary Fig.

This enrichment is highly significant ( P = 2.2 × 10 −15 ), and when the direction and magnitude of gene expression changes in our CB19 data or the previously published doxorubicin treatment were compared with each other, the correlation was also highly significant ( P = 1.4 × 10 −14 ), indicating that both p53-activated and p53-repressed genes change in similar directions and magnitudes in CB19-treated cells and doxorubicin-treated cells ( Fig. 7A ).

In the case of PQ11 and PQ28, the very strongly positively correlated traits, the clusters of GBS, F87, and F24 showed extremely significant differences (p-value < 2.2e−15).

The probability of this overlap is highly significant, p < 2.270e-15.

SNR Analysis ( Figure 4 ) : The repeated-measures ANOVA on IMU SNR revealed a highly significant main effect of filter type ( F 3,126 = 31.69 , p = 2.47 × 10 − 15 , η p 2 = 0.430 ) .

Indeed, the upstream regulator with the most highly significant association with the ISO-regulated gene cohort was determined through Ingenuity analysis to be CREB (p-value = 2.52E-15; z-score for activation = 4.157), confirming that transcriptome analysis of the cardiac RNA samples detected predicted and experimentally observed responses to ISO stimulation.

Interestingly, these SNP numbers are highly significant when compared to any random SNP set intersection with the GWAS catalog ( p -value < 2.537 × 10 −15 ).

A total of 148 pathways were nominally significant for both traits ( Figure 2 ), with overlap greater than that expected by chance (hypergeometric p = 2.6 × 10 −15 ).

Remarkably, functional analysis of HIF1A targets in the category of biological process showed highly significant enrichment of the GO terms response to unfolded protein ( P < 2.6∗10 -15 ), regulation of cellular response to stress ( P < 2.1∗10 -13 ), and protein folding ( P < 3.0∗10 -13 ) ( Figure 3 B , Supplementary Table 6 ).

Two-way ANOVA revealed highly significant main effects of both FSC gate (Df = 5, F = 20.06, p = 2.7e-15) and buffer (Df = 2, F = 20.14, p = 1.8e-8) as well as a significant interaction (Df = 10, F = 2.78, p = 0.004).

The p value of the network was highly significant ( p = 2.75 × 10 −15 ), suggesting significantly more interactions than expected.

The enrichment in deleterious NFKB1 variants of patients with CVID was selective and highly significant (P = 2.78 × 10 −15 ).