Excerpts

We have to reject the null hypothesis and this result is highly significant ( p < 10 −15 ).

S8 D and E ), and the association was highly significant in both strains, P tet lacZ ΔM15 ( P < 1 × 10 −15 ) and P tet lacZ ΔM15 ssrA ( P < 2 × 10 −3 ).

The difference between imprinted and other monoallelically expressed genes was highly significant ( p < 10 –15 ), which is consistent with the imprinting mechanism, when an allele is expressed or silenced due to its parental origin without regard to the presence of a specific base.

Here we identify associations between microbiome diversity and both moderate physical activity (MPA; times per week) and vigorous physical activity (VPA; times per week) that are highly significant (Fig. 3 ; P < 10 −15 and P < 10 −15 , for MPA and VPA, respectively).

Data from a large cohort of individuals with sports concussion were examined and also demonstrated that differences in mean values of reaction time and reaction time variability (with the Brain Gauge) are statistically highly significant between healthy control and post-concussion populations ( p < 10 −15 ; Tommerdahl et al., 2020 ).

In contrast, a robust and highly significant increase was found in the dopaminergic neurons of α-Syn zebrafish under identical conditions (α-Syn post-MPP + 1.73 ± 0.09; p < 10 −15 vs . baseline, 2-way ANOVA with Tukey multiple comparisons test; Fig. 5 E).

picta as indicated by the highly significant logistic regression of male proportion against wCTUs (Z = −15.15, P < 1 × 10 −15 ) (Fig. 3c ).

Analysing the combined amino acid composition of the complete proteomes, we indeed find a small but statistically highly significant shift in ERK of endothermic compared to ectothermic vertebrates (Figure 3 ; Wilcoxon rank sum test: p < 10 -15 ).

Again, we found a highly significant overlap (Fig. 2 b), with 43.1% (401/931, p < 1.0 × 10 −15 ) of the HIV-responsive proteins identified here being part of the HHPID.

The differences in the mean number of these alleles in each population were highly significant (ANOVA P value = 1×10 −15 ).

While there is a highly significant correlation between PC1 for both methods ( R 2 = 0.949, p < 1 × 10 −15 ), later PCs are often not significantly correlated, with the most notable exception being EFD PC2 and PH PC3 ( R 2 = 0.432, p < 1 × 10 −15 ), although several other PCs also show weak correlations.

Our analysis of first round data indicates that while there was considerable diversity in the raw scores provided by individual participants, the inter-rater concordance was substantial and statistically highly significant (Kendall’s W=0.150, p-value < 10 −15 ).

We observed a highly significant increase in DFI with increasing age ( ρ = 0.57; p = 1.04 × 10 −15 ; Figure 1b ).

The eGWAS peak SNP was detected approximately 9 kb upstream of OsENT1 with a highly significant signal (− log P = 14.97) and was located within 50 kb of the GWAS peak SNP responsible for NRT_L (Fig. 3 A).

Results for lung cancer overall are less significant after PC adjustment, but there is still a highly significant result for the ATM −2307F association in LUAD ( P = 1.18 × 10 −15 for discovery and P = 2.22 × 10 −3 for replication (Table 1 ).

We found, for H3K4me1, a highly significant enrichment for blood u-tDMRs (mean: 9.7; P -value = 1.2 × 10 −15 t-test) and liver f-tDMRs (mean: 9.3; P -value <2.2 × 10 −16 ; t-test for regions with methylation difference <0).

[ 12 ] also showed a strong and highly significant association between SMPD1 variants with ≥ 56% loss of enzymatic activity and PD risk (OR 2.24, p = 1.25 × 10 -15 ).

When we tested the association between SOX2 positivity and RAD51 expression, we found it to be highly significant (p = 1.28 × 10 −15 ), suggesting a correlation between RAD51 expression and the putative self-renewing fraction ( Figure 1 F).

All loci produced highly significant linear regression models (maximum P -value = 1.3 × 10 −15 , minimum R 2 = 0.11).

the effect was much stronger than that of the two individual metabolites (Table 4 , ESM Table 19 ; both p ≥ 2.2 × 10 −16 , p gain = 2.2 × 10 11 ). Fasting pairwise metabolite ratios at baseline and incident type 2 diabetes Meta-analysis of the Cox regression results in two independent prospective studies (910 individuals with incident type 2 diabetes and 3367 control participants), with adjustment as shown in ESM Table 10 , shows a highly significant association between the ratio of valine to PC ae C32:2 and type 2 diabetes susceptibility (Table 5 ; HR Val_PC ae C32:2 1.57 [β 0.45 ± 0.06], p = 1.3 × 10 −15 ; the results for the crude models are shown in ESM Table 20 ).

Three highly significant pathways were identified by the Reactome analysis of these protein clusters: The citrate (TCA) cycle pathway ( p = 1.33 × 10 −15 and FDR = 3.46 × 10 −14 ), the mRNA metabolism/catabolism pathway ( p = 7.96 × 10 −8 and FDR = 3.60 × 10 −6 ), and the unfolded protein response pathway (UPR; p = 2.04 × 10 −13 and FDR = 1.35 × 10 −11 ) ( Figure 9 d). 3.3.

There was also a highly significant relationship between gender and the number of English-language publications (Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared = 68.37, p < 1.42 × 10 −15 ) and between disciplines and the number of English-language publications (Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared = 29.45, p < 6.35 × 10 −6 ).

Fisher’s exact test demonstrated highly significant enrichment of current FDA-approved psoriasis biologics at both D1 ( Figure 2 d) and D2 (data not shown) ( GSE54456 : P = 1.42E-15 and 9.62E-7, respectively; GSE121212 : P = 5.13E-12 and 1.56E-6, respectively).

While we did observe multiple cis -eQTL genes for some top candidate SNPs, such as rs73551707, these were nominally significant compared with the nearest target gene, BMP1 ( P =1.45E−15 in aorta; 1.10E−14 in mammary artery; Supplementary Fig. 19 ; Supplementary Data 12 ).

On the contrary we found a mild (1.98%) but highly significant ( P -value = 1.5 × 10 −15 , paired t -test) decrease in the average occupancy at nucleosome +1 in AGO2 knock-down cells (data not shown).