Excerpts

Analysis of micro-tomographic data of the left femur showed highly significant effects of UN on cortical and trabecular bone tissue indices, contributing to inferior microstructure and bone strength, almost all of which were reversed by early leptin life treatment.

The mid-montane Synoeca cyanea (Fabricius, 1775) inhabits the southern and central portions of AF; it is found regularly in semi-deciduous and gallery forests, showing a strong trend for mid-elevation habitats in lower latitudes, reaching up to 1100 meters above sea level (a.s.l.) 28 , 29 (Fig. 1 ).

Marginally significant association between RV-infection and elevated CK was also observed (OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.32).

In contrast to previous studies that have indicated a highly significant correlation between expression of lncRNAs and the neighboring mRNAs, this did not appear to be the case in the muscle biopsies 25 , 26 .

In contrast to the results for TG, LDL-C, and TG/HDL-C ratio quartiles, there was a negative trend for the association across increasing HDL-C quartiles and incidence of POF, PNec and in-hospital death, p values for trends across quartiles were <0.001, <0.001 and 0.043, respectively.

Moreover, there was a positive trend for the association across increasing HDL-C quartiles and POF, PNec and mortality after multivariable analysis (p values were <0.001, <0.001 and 0.043, respectively).

Only Hequ and Xingxian stations exhibited decreasing trends in February, and only Suide exhibited a decreasing trend in June.

Winter precipitation at most stations in the study area displayed an increasing trend and most stations exhibited decreasing trends in the spring, summer autumn.

Finally, in subgroup analysis, pATR expression and the pATR/pChk2 co-expression model were associated with an increased risk of death within a 10-year timeframe in the subgroup of patients with elevated Ki-67 levels and with node-positive disease (Supplementary Figure 1 ), although to a borderline significant extent.

In conclusion, mouse strain differences in the sensitivity to SSRI treatments were correlated with 5-HT transporter binding and reuptake in these mice, suggesting that the binding and uptake efficiency of the membrane-bound 5-HT transporter may be significant contributing factors to the marked strain differences in immobility time in the TST and FST.

While noteworthy, this is an expected trend for nanostructured metals (“smaller is stronger”).

27 , addition of exotic species increased productivity to a greater extent than addition of native species, although this difference was only marginally significant.

Contrary to the previous studies which stated that the LP has been experiencing a climatic warming and drying trend over the last several decades 52 , 53 , air temperature have experienced a decreasing trend of −0.04 °C yr −1 during the recent decade even though it failed to pass the significance level test ( p = 0.13, Fig.

The annual P at ~78.6% of the study areas experienced an increasing trend, with the highest value (>4 mm yr −2 ) occurred in the northern and southern regions.

Moreover, an increasing trend in spillover risk was apparent for each period of ecological niche expansion between 1980–1989, 1990–1999, and 2000–2015.

More interesting, the TC size effect on the PDS shows an increasing trend when we compare the results from the E all+1 with that from the E all+2 in the WNP and the NA, while the effects of other factors (such as the TC frequency and duration) show an opposite or unchanged trend (Table 1 ).

Although our results showed a trend of increasing antioxidant capacity, the significantly decreased oxidative stress may suggest the possibility of the reduced occurrence of oxidative damage, which may partially contribute to improving functional and health-related outcomes.

From Table 1 , it is obvious that C 4 shows an increasing trend (+0.003% yr −1 ), whereas those of C 5 –C 12 diacids (particularly, C 5 , C 7 , C 8 , C 9 , and C 12 ) show significant (p < 0.05) decreasing trends during the study period.

The APRI, FIB-4, RPR and GPR showed an increasing trend with fibrosis stages in CHB patients.

Moreover, when promoter occupancy of Pol I and UBF was compared between PGC-1α competent wild-type and PGC-1α knock-out tissue, we found a highly significant difference of Pol I and UBF binding to the rDNA promoter after precipitating the same amount of protein (Fig. 3b ).

In fact, at the highest dose of 10 μM, RGFP966 exposure resulted in a slight trend of decrease in neurite length (Fig. 5a ).

The values of the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II ( F v / F m ), the effective photochemical quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), and the photochemical quenching ( qP ) showed a decreasing trend related to NaCl concentration and treatment duration (Fig. 1A–C ).

Consistently, no additional significant increase in LC3-II was observed in the CQ plus ZAS-treated group compared to the ZAS only-treated group, as determined by the western blot assay, although an increasing trend was observed at 4 h (Fig. 4C,D ).

This suggests a similar endocytic membrane trafficking defect. Using the Rab5 endosomal marker in quantified comparisons, both dfmr1 null mutants (0.1 ± 0.03 μm 2 , n = 23 boutons, p < 0.001) and PN-targeted shrub OE GOF (0.04 ± 0.01 μm 2 , n = 29, p < 0.01) show highly significant increases in the number of endosomes per synaptic bouton area compared to controls (Fig. 3C ).

Using the regression coefficients of the 9 nominally significant (α = 0.05) SNPs (rs885479, rs1805008, rs1805007, rs28777, rs12896399, rs1042602, rs1393350, rs12821256, rs12203592; see Supplementary Table S2 , available) as weights, we calculated a polygenic score in the cortisol/cortisone sample according to β 1 *rs885479 + ... + β 9 * rs12203592.