Excerpts

A decreasing trend in surface roughness was correlated with an increase in bio-tribological properties 22 .

The difference is that the nitrogen concentration decreases from 72% at LP = 3 m to 55% at LP = 9 m, showing a decreasing trend (Fig. 10 e).

APC > 0 indicates an increasing trend in HBV incidence in the current period, while APC < 0 indicates a decreasing trend.

The incidence of chronic and acute HB showed a decreasing trend in Guangzhou over the past 15 years, with an average annual percent change of − 4.31% and − 16.87%, respectively.

An interesting trend was found in the types of animals used in a single piece.

Similarly, we also observed in Table 2 that corynoxeine, isocorynoxeine and total alkaloid content of Uncaria rhynchophylla were lower in M3 than in M1 with some significance, but M4 showed a decreasing trend, which may be affected by other unknown environmental disturbances.

Conversely, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) posits that a significant trend exists when S > S cri .

(e) When the scattered data points lie within the upper half triangle, the series is said to have an increasing trend.

When the scattered points lie within the lower half of the triangle, the series is said to have a decreasing trend.

Various studies such as del Río, Anjum Iqbal 82 , Khattak and Ali 83 and Ali, Khattak 84 have confirmed an increase in temperature in Pakistan and an increasing trend of high temperatures in coming years.

On the other hand, an increasing trend in root length was visible with rising biochar concentrations when seedlings were treated with BC-100-0, with a significantly longer root when 0.25 or 0.50 wt% was added to the reference growth medium.

There was even a decreasing trend with increasing biochar concentrations, evidencing some uptake of this element by the biochar.

This difference was apparent for all generally more pigmented body parts (the volar forearms left and right, the dorsum of the hands and feet left and right, the lumbar back region left and right, the abdomen and the neck).

Figure 12 's results demonstrate that an increasing trend in the training dataset corresponds with an increasing trend in the model's performance.

At the same time, the expression of mitochondrial-related protein-coding genes showed a decreasing trend in the wild type and mutant groups, while the lowest expression was observed in the mutant group.

There was an increasing trend in dehydrogenase activity (DHA) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA).

A statistical trend was present in UICC stage III + IV.

Moving on to Panels (c-*), (d-*), and (e-*), these panels reveal a notable trend where individuals display reduced interest in participating in vaccine programs as vaccine costs increase.

So, the models are well fitted and highly significant.

In addition to this, it is worth noting that except for 2020, the percentage of CPGNB from internal medicine sources is in an increasing trend, from 30.46% in 2019 to 31.25% in 2021, to 39.21% in 2022 and 42.65% in 2023, where it even surpasses the ICU as the departmental division with the highest percentage in 2022, which may portend the growing drug resistance potential in internal medicine.

Figure 1 a–c shows a decreasing trend of food production as a % reduction in 2050 from 2020 for each climate change scenario.

The high value area of the carbon control zone shows a decreasing trend from southeast to northwest, and the high value is along the main stream of the Yellow River.

This indicates that the carbon emissions in the YRB, not only the total emissions show an increasing trend, but also the carbon emissions of the county range covered by each level show an increasing trend.

Thus, even if a negative trend exists over the whole study period (Table 1 ), then we have to keep in mind that the actual changes have been more complicated than the long time trend.

When p ≥ 0.05, the difference is not significant; when p < 0.05, the difference is significant; and when p < 0.01, the difference is extremely significant.