Excerpts

All four wheat varieties tested showed a trend of high stomatal density values in the range between 30 and 38 under S4.

TPC and T-AsA content were highest in RB (31,600 ± 560 mg MR eq./100 g DW and 51.2 ± 0.6 mg/100 g DW, respectively), followed by NL and OL, showing a decreasing trend with leaf maturation.

A decreasing trend with increasing storage duration was observed for contents of benzyl acetate, p-cresyl methyl ether, methyl benzoate, prenyl acetate and 3-methyl-3-butene-1-ol acetate ( Table 2 ).

The SIS treatment showed a clear trend of further improving SOM content across both years. 2.6.

YM158 activated the Protein Processing in Endoplasmic Reticulum pathway, which is typically associated with protein repair capabilities and showed highly significant enrichment ( Figure 5 F,H).

Under salinity (T 2 ), correlations among growth traits remained highly significant and positive ( Figure 8 B).

A notable trend emerged regarding ΔR amplitude: the highest values were observed predominantly in species with larger leaf blade areas.

In Polonuevo, plants under direct radiation showed significantly higher ΦPSII than those under moderate radiation, whereas in Montería, moderate radiation produced a slightly significant 6.36% increase in ΦPSII relative to direct radiation.

It exhibited an overall trend of initial increase, followed by a subsequent decrease, and then a slight rise, with the peak occurring at 35% shading ( Figure 3 A).

p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 represent significant and highly significant differences, respectively.

As shown in Figure 3 c, at Site 3, during the early stages of heat stress (7 June), the stomatal density of MPB, DRW, DR, and EPY showed an increasing trend, while that of the remaining cultivars exhibited varying degrees of decrease.

Changes in Stomatal Density As shown in Figure 3 a, at Site 1, during the early stages of high-temperature stress on 7 June, the stomatal density of all cultivars showed a decreasing trend, except for that of DR, which exhibited a slight increase ( Figure S5c ).

In contrast, dry matter after anthesis shows a clear trend of first increasing and then decreasing, with peak values occurring at PD3 and PD4 under CM and DF, respectively. 2.4.

The grain number per m 2 showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing under both WN regimes.

Correlation Analysis In AK, TV showed a highly significant negative correlation with Pn, SPAD, and NR, and a significant positive correlation with SSR ( Figure 7 a).

In this study, with the increase in nitrogen fertilizer application rate, the SPAD and Pn of rice leaves exhibited an increasing trend.

[ 32 ], who found that straw returning increased the activities of soil urease, phosphatase, and invertase, with their activities in the 0–10 cm soil layer increasing by 15.1%, 11.0%, and 88.4%, respectively, and soil enzyme activities showing a decreasing trend with the increase in soil depth.

The level of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, while p < 0.01 denoted a highly significant distinction.

Tausonia showed an increasing trend across all treatments, specifically increasing by 18.66% in the HTJ treatment compared to the CK.

The mixograph parameters show highly significant correlations with core parameters measured by the Farinograph and Extensograph, making them valuable alternative indicators for wheat quality evaluation.

Additionally, the water content of GY exhibited a decreasing trend throughout the developmental stages and was significantly lower than that of TY, with the most pronounced difference observed at maturity stage, where GY showed a 1.3-fold lower value than TY.

Regarding hemicellulose content, GY displayed a significant decreasing trend as development progressed, whereas TY exhibited an increasing trend ( Figure 8 C).

The analysis results showed that the relative level of transcripts of VvSR34a showed a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing under salt stress treatment, and reached the maximum value at 2 h of salt treatment ( Figure 1 ).

In contrast, periderm thickness and xylem vessel area did not demonstrate a stable, reliable altitude dependence, varying within 2.60–4.78 μm and 0.36–0.56 × 10 −3 mm 2 , respectively, but maintained an increasing trend for each trait.

In contrast, NO 3 concentration was not significantly affected by the treatments ( p = 0.068); however, a decreasing trend was observed.