Excerpts

Results Mean squares presented in Table 1 and Table 2 revealed that the investigated crop sequences showed a highly significant ( p < 0.01) influence on all the studied parameters except plant height, ear height, and leaf area index ( p > 0.05) in the two growing seasons.

Pearson’s correlations among six root conformation parameters were analyzed ( Table 2 ), and highly significant correlations ( p < 0.01) were found among the following five indicators: total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, number of root tips, and number of root branches.

There was a highly significant interaction ( p < 0.01) between treatment and genotype for proline content.

There were significant negative correlations between STS and PAE, ΔRL, ΔRL_s1, and ΔRL_sub, whereas there were highly significant positive correlations between PAE and ΔRL, ΔRL_s1, and ΔRL_sub under the D, LP, and DLP treatments ( p ≤ 0.01).

On the other hand, a characteristic feature of late harvest date was the increased accumulation of a set of medium-to-long chain (C 10 -C 18 ) double-bonded fatty acid derivatives, which showed a moderate (1.6- to 1.8-fold) but highly significant ( p < 0.01) increase during harvest time, thus suggesting an enhanced activity of fatty acid metabolism ( Table S1 ).

Except for days to maturity and plant height, mean squares owing to SCA effects were highly significant ( p ≤ 0.01). 3.2.

Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a highly significant association ( p < 0.01) between the weak phenotype and the number of amplification bands, indicating that the observed deletion on chromosome 4B is a crucial factor contributing to the weak phenotype.

Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant positive relationship between chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal density, and yield per plant (r = 0.96, p < 0.01).

As shown in Figure 2 , graphene addition resulted in a highly significant positive correlation between shrub height and basal diameter ( p < 0.01), and a significant negative correlation with available soil phosphorus ( p < 0.05).

In green light, the expression level of CiPlant-CRY1 generally showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and reached a maximum level of 11.605 at 12 h, which was significantly higher than other experimental groups ( p < 0.01).

Ammonium Nitrogen (NH 4 + -N) exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with Actinobacteria (r = 0.82, p < 0.01), as they utilize NH 4 + -N to synthesize extracellular enzymes for organic matter degradation.

The intercept of RSM model was significant ( p < 0.05) for TSS, TPC, and fructose; highly significant ( p < 0.01) for firmness, TVC, DPPH, and glucose; and extremely significant for ∆E, indicating good fitting of the model for all assessed attributes.

frutescens Leaves Highly significant differences in leaf yield and dry weight ratio were observed between the two types of P. frutescens with different leaf colors ( p < 0.01), with the L1 leaf color P. frutescens exhibiting a higher yield than L2.

However, at the 3 h time point, the expression levels significantly deviated from those observed at the 0 h condition ( p < 0.05), and this deviation became highly significant by the 6 h to 24 h time points compared to the control ( p < 0.01).

Pearson’s Correlation Analysis of Phenolic Compounds and Ascorbic Acid–Glutathione Cycle Several sets of significant ( p < 0.05) or highly significant ( p < 0.01) positive correlations were observed between flavonoids and phenolic acids.

Nitrogen fertilizer from the tasseling location to the grain filling stage had significant ( p < 0.05) and highly significant ( p < 0.01) effects on net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, and the interaction between film mulching and nitrogen fertilizer had no significant impact ( p > 0.05) ( Table 3 ). 3.2.1.

The interaction of irrigation and nitrogen and irrigation and year showed a highly significant impact on the summer maize LAI ( p < 0.01) but had an insignificant impact on Chl content and the P n rate ( p > 0.05).

All six bioclimatic factors had extremely significant effects ( p < 0.01) on the distribution of venerable trees in Sichuan, with the exception of bio18.

A study in the Suzhou industrial park in Shanghai, China reported a highly significant positive relationship ( p -value < 0.01, R 2 = 0.915) between cooling effect and LAI [ 48 ].

Effects of Salinity on Selected Onion Accessions The combined ANOVA of fourteen accessions characterized under normal and salt stress environments showed highly significant differences ( p ≤ 0.01) for physiological parameters (SPAD, RWC, MSI, Pn, E and gS), biochemical parameters (Proline, H 2 O 2 , MDA, CAT, APX, SOD and POX), growth and bulb parameters (PH, NL, BD, BYP and TSS), and ionic concentrations (root Na + /K + , shoot Na + /K + and bulb Na + /K + ) ( Table 3 ).

Results showed that the soil erodibility presented highly significant negative correlations with clay particles, soil fractal dimension, and STP ( p < 0.01); significantly positive correlation with sand particles ( p < 0.05); and significantly negative correlations with silt particles, STN, and SOM ( p < 0.05).

Among the 15 qualitative traits, 11 pairs demonstrated highly significant correlations ( p < 0.01).

Germination Test and Seedling Growth Test According to a comparative analysis of the physiological indices of ten seeds from the 24 maize hybrid seed lots of eight cultivars, the indices of three seed lots of the same cultivar all exhibited the same trend in change: 2023 seed lot > 2022 seed lot > 2021 seed lot; the differences in the vigour indices (such as the GI and VI) among the three seed lots of the same cultivar were significant ( p < 0.05) or extremely significant ( p < 0.01).

TR20 and HW both showed highly significant upward trends ( p < 0.01), with rates of increase at 0.02 days per year and 0.03 days per year, respectively.

Furthermore, correlation between grain Zn and Fe was positive and highly significant (r = 0.97; p ≤ 0.01) suggesting the possibility of improving these traits simultaneously.