highly significantp < 0.01
TR20 and HW both showed highly significant upward trends ( p < 0.01), with rates of increase at 0.02 days per year and 0.03 days per year, respectively.
TR20 and HW both showed highly significant upward trends ( p < 0.01), with rates of increase at 0.02 days per year and 0.03 days per year, respectively.
During this period, extreme temperature indices generally showed an increasing trend, while extreme precipitation indices displayed a declining trend.
Most extreme precipitation indices have shown a decreasing trend (except for CDD), with CDD and CWD exhibiting significant trends; In low-altitude regions, the interaction between extreme drought and high-temperature events has a significant impact on grassland productivity.
The main findings of this study are as follows: Over the past 22 years, the grassland NPP in Tajikistan has shown a slightly increasing trend [0.01 gC/(m 2 ·a)].