The absence of a clear trend in the effects of school holidays on the contact parameter as estimated using the simple mass action model therefore supports the conclusion from the TSIR model that there was no systematic change in the effects of school holidays over time.
The distributions in diversity and evenness of species of siphonophores showed a trend opposite to that of abundance, with higher values generally found in the waters south and east of Taiwan and lower in the waters north and west of Taiwan (nested ANOVA, F = 7.054, p <0.001 for diversity; nested ANOVA, F = 2.480, p <0.05 for evenness).
However, closer examination of the data showed a clear trend of PRKO mice to have a high frequency of post-sigh apnea even after progesterone treatment ( Figure 6C ).
Allochthonous organic matter washed off the shores by winter storms and brought by small rivers may be significant contributors but their impact is local and still waits for future research to estimate.
Conclusions/Significance The number of IPDMA articles exhibited an increasing trend over the past few years and mainly focused on cancer and circulatory diseases.
In cultured cortical and spinal reactive astrocytes, the use of these vectors resulted in a specific, stable and highly significant decrease in the corresponding protein levels.
In contrast, the highly significant q 2 and r 2 values for the steric and electrostatic fields document that the QSAR data obtained reflect the real binding of a ligand to its protein target, possibly a receptor, rather than non-specific interactions [51] .
Remarkably, a decreasing trend in MRSA bacteremia has been seen since 2006 in UK, following a government initiative to establish a mandatory surveillance and a target to reduce MRSA bacteremia rates over a 3-year period [5] , facilitated by the corresponding optimization of administrative support, infrastructural change and resource allocation [1] .
The difference in the total number of cocoons per cluster produced by females mated to diploid males and by females mated to haploid males fell just short of significance, indicating a trend towards females mated to diploid males to lay more eggs.
A notable trend that emerges from comparison of AL among different studies is that the units used to characterize AL density have a strong impact on the patterns gleaned from the data.
Chromosomal aberrations such as deletions, duplications and translocations of DNA segments can lead to highly significant positive correlations of gene expression levels of neighboring genes.
Among the potential factors involved, standing genetic variation (SGV) and evolutionary history (EH) are likely to be significant determinants of adaptability to novel environments [5] .
In contrast, in the implanted animals (i) the first noticeable decrease in amplitude of the rhythm was delayed by 3 months and (ii) the 24 h period remained highly significant until death ( Figs 3 , 4 ).
Effects were considered significant at P< 0.05 and, because of the relatively low replication, we considered P ≥0.05 but <0.10 as marginally significant.
The other two dwarf shrub species showed at least a slight trend of increased shoot increment length with soil warming in the last years of the study, suggesting that the response of these two species to climate warming may be considerably delayed.
Thresholds for likelihood ratio statistics (LRS) were determined by genome-wide 1000-permutation test to provide the suggestive, significant, and highly significant levels.